国内外农民专业合作社社员权利比较研究

发布时间：2018-08-22 13:06

【摘要】：农民专业合作社是一种合作经济组织，它是处于弱势地位的农民在市场竞争的条件下，自愿结合的产物。它产生于家庭承包经营的基础上。社员的联合是出于对同种产品或者服务的提供，为了增加收入，降低成本，，而建立的民主管理、地位平等的组织。这样的农民专业合作社有着其他经济实体无法比拟的优势，例如可以提供价格低廉的农产品种子，能够提供利用合作社的联合优势在需要的时候使用农用器具，能够得到更多的农业信息，学习提高生产力的相关技术知识。国家为了鼓励农民专业合作社的建立与发展，还给农民专业合作社的建立提供贷款，交易中提出免税的优惠政策等。在这样的背景下，我国的农民专业合作社如雨后春笋般蓬勃发展。而正是在这样的背景下，《农民专业合作社法》（简称《农合法》）颁布实施，这对肯定农民社员的市场主体地位提供了法律依据。法律中规定了社员的权利、义务、合作社的相关内容。作为农民专业合作社发展的指导性纲领法律文件，该法的出台确实对合作社发展有一定的促进作用。但是，距离法律的颁布已过去八年时间，法律的内容已不能适应现今合作社实际操作面临的问题。特别是对合作社的社员权利的规定上，存在许多不完善的部分。亟需未来修法中对这些问题进行修改。因此，笔者通过研究农民专业合作社社员的权利，对比国外优秀法律的规定，试图寻找在未来修法时可以提供参考的理论依据。希望农民专业合作社社员的权利得到完善，从而使社员愿意积极的参与合作社的事务，积极的促进合作社的发展，使其能够在市场竞争中迅速强大起来。本文分为四个部分。第一部分，通过国内外相关文献对合作社的社员权利进行背景、意义、方法的研究。试图国内外的专家学者的学术研究中，探求目前的研究成果。第二部分，通过比较研究法、文献分析法对农民专业合作社社员权利的基本理论进行概述，其内容包括农民专业合作社社员权利的概念、性质、特征、内容等。第三部分，以我国的《农民专业合作社法》为基础并结合大量国内外相关理论和立法，对农民专业合作社社员权利在取得、丧失、行使及救济四方面进行对比研究，发现国外相关法律法规对权利规定的优越之处，并以此作为我国立法上的借鉴。第四部分，主要根据国外的相关法律规定及制度的优越之处，针对我国目前在农民专业合作社社员权利的取得、丧失的法律规定不足进行完善，对社员行使权利中受到限制与阻碍寻求救济提出适合我国国情要求的对策。
[Abstract]:Farmer's specialized cooperative is a kind of cooperative economic organization, which is the result of voluntary combination of peasants in weak position under the condition of market competition. It comes into being on the basis of household contract management. A union of members is an organization of democratic management and equal status established to increase income and reduce costs through the provision of the same product or service. Such specialized farmers' cooperatives have advantages that other economic entities cannot match, such as the availability of low-cost agricultural seeds and the use of agricultural appliances when needed, using the joint advantage of cooperatives. Be able to obtain more agricultural information and learn the relevant technical knowledge to improve productivity. In order to encourage the establishment and development of farmers' specialized cooperatives, the state provides loans for the establishment of farmers' specialized cooperatives, and puts forward preferential policies of tax exemption in transactions. Under such background, the farmer specialized cooperative of our country is booming like bamboo shoots after rain. It is under this background that the Law on Farmers' Professional Cooperatives (referred to as "Agriculture Law") is promulgated and implemented, which provides a legal basis for affirming the market principal position of peasant members. The law sets out the rights, obligations and related contents of cooperatives. As the legal document of the guiding program for the development of farmers' professional cooperatives, the promulgation of this law does promote the development of cooperatives to a certain extent. However, eight years after the promulgation of the law, the content of the law can no longer adapt to the problems facing the actual operation of the cooperative. In particular, there are many imperfections in the regulation of the rights of members of cooperatives. These problems need to be revised in the future. Therefore, by studying the rights of the members of farmers' professional cooperatives and comparing the provisions of foreign excellent laws, the author tries to find the theoretical basis for reference in the future revision of the law. It is hoped that the rights of members of farmers' specialized cooperatives will be perfected so that they can participate in cooperative affairs actively and actively promote the development of cooperatives so that they can be rapidly strengthened in the market competition. This paper is divided into four parts. In the first part, the background, significance and methods of cooperative membership rights are studied through relevant literature at home and abroad. This paper attempts to explore the current research results in the academic research of experts and scholars at home and abroad. In the second part, the author summarizes the basic theory of the members' rights of farmers' professional cooperatives through comparative research and literature analysis, including the concept, nature, characteristics and contents of the rights of members of farmers' professional cooperatives. The third part, on the basis of our country's "Farmers' specialized Cooperative Law" and combining with a large number of relevant theories and legislation at home and abroad, makes a comparative study on the four aspects of obtaining, losing, exercising and relieving the rights of members of farmers' professional cooperatives. Find the advantages of foreign laws and regulations on the rights, and use this as a reference for our legislation. The fourth part, mainly according to the foreign relevant laws and regulations and the superiority of the system, aiming at our country at present in the farmer specialized cooperative member's right obtain, loses the law stipulation insufficiency carries on the consummation, This paper puts forward some countermeasures suitable for the national conditions of our country to restrict and prevent members from seeking relief in the exercise of their rights.
【学位授予单位】：武汉工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.4;F321.42

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