论政府信息公开中商业秘密保护的利益平衡
发布时间：2018-09-06 08:12
【摘要】：由于制度设计上的一些漏洞，《政府信息公开条例》中的商业秘密保护规定在现实中被行政机关利用作为拒绝信息公开申请人申请的一个借口，信息公开申请人的知情权得不到保障。行政机关中处理信息公开的工作人员未能正确解读“商业秘密”及“公共利益”的概念，以及现行信息公开制度中对这两个定义的缺失，是造成上述现象的重要原因。而信息公开制度中对商业秘密的保护程度归根结底是执政者在公众、商业秘密权利人以及信息公开申请人所代表的利益之间的一个权衡和选择。 本文第一、第二部分首先分析了“商业秘密”以及“公共利益”的涵义及特征，强调了“商业秘密”的相对性以及“公共利益”的判定原则，为正确判定各方权利的边界夯实了基础。而信息公开中商业秘密保护制度所存在的问题归根结底反映的是制度设计者面对多方权利冲突所做出的选择问题。文章第三部分分析了信息公开与商业秘密保护中各方的权利冲突以及解决冲突应遵循的原则。同时指明了现行制度偏向于对商业秘密权利人权利的保护，，但对信息公开申请人的权利保护不足的问题。这种状况应当予以调整，使各方利益平衡。同时，通过对美国信息公开制度中商业秘密保护制度从保护单方利益到利益平衡的发展过程，归纳出其对我国信息公开中商业秘密保护制度起到的借鉴作用。最后，文章基于利益平衡的原则对政府信息公开中商业秘密保护的制度提出改进的建议，重点在于建立制度对“商业秘密”进行认定并分类管理，以及现行信息公开诉讼制度可配合该制度能做的适当调整。
[Abstract]:Due to some loopholes in the design of the system, the provisions on the protection of trade secrets in the "regulations on publicity of Government Information" are used in reality by the administrative authorities as an excuse to refuse applications from applicants for information disclosure. The information disclosure applicant's right to know is not guaranteed. The lack of interpretation of the concepts of "trade secret" and "public interest" and the lack of these two definitions in the current information disclosure system are the important reasons for these phenomena. The degree of protection of trade secrets in the information disclosure system is, in the final analysis, a trade-off and choice between the public, the holders of trade secrets and the interests represented by the applicants for information disclosure. The first and second parts of this paper first analyze the meaning and characteristics of "trade secret" and "public interest", and emphasize the relativity of "trade secret" and the judgment principle of "public interest". The foundation has been laid for the correct determination of the boundary of the rights of the parties. However, the problems existing in the protection system of commercial secrets in information disclosure reflect, in the final analysis, the choices made by system designers in the face of multiple conflicts of rights. The third part analyzes the conflict of rights between information disclosure and trade secret protection and the principles to be followed in resolving the conflict. At the same time, it points out that the current system is biased towards the protection of the rights of the right holders of trade secrets, but the protection of the rights of the applicants for information disclosure is insufficient. This situation should be adjusted to balance the interests of all parties. At the same time, through the development process of the trade secret protection system in the American information disclosure system from the protection of unilateral interests to the balance of interests, the paper sums up its reference to the protection system of trade secrets in the information disclosure of our country. Finally, based on the principle of balance of interests, the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the system of trade secret protection in the government information disclosure, with the emphasis on establishing a system to identify and classify the "trade secret". And the current information disclosure litigation system can be coordinated with the system can make appropriate adjustments.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1;D922.294
本文编号：2225753
[Abstract]:Due to some loopholes in the design of the system, the provisions on the protection of trade secrets in the "regulations on publicity of Government Information" are used in reality by the administrative authorities as an excuse to refuse applications from applicants for information disclosure. The information disclosure applicant's right to know is not guaranteed. The lack of interpretation of the concepts of "trade secret" and "public interest" and the lack of these two definitions in the current information disclosure system are the important reasons for these phenomena. The degree of protection of trade secrets in the information disclosure system is, in the final analysis, a trade-off and choice between the public, the holders of trade secrets and the interests represented by the applicants for information disclosure. The first and second parts of this paper first analyze the meaning and characteristics of "trade secret" and "public interest", and emphasize the relativity of "trade secret" and the judgment principle of "public interest". The foundation has been laid for the correct determination of the boundary of the rights of the parties. However, the problems existing in the protection system of commercial secrets in information disclosure reflect, in the final analysis, the choices made by system designers in the face of multiple conflicts of rights. The third part analyzes the conflict of rights between information disclosure and trade secret protection and the principles to be followed in resolving the conflict. At the same time, it points out that the current system is biased towards the protection of the rights of the right holders of trade secrets, but the protection of the rights of the applicants for information disclosure is insufficient. This situation should be adjusted to balance the interests of all parties. At the same time, through the development process of the trade secret protection system in the American information disclosure system from the protection of unilateral interests to the balance of interests, the paper sums up its reference to the protection system of trade secrets in the information disclosure of our country. Finally, based on the principle of balance of interests, the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the system of trade secret protection in the government information disclosure, with the emphasis on establishing a system to identify and classify the "trade secret". And the current information disclosure litigation system can be coordinated with the system can make appropriate adjustments.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1;D922.294
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