公共危机管理中政府信息有效公开的制度建构
发布时间：2018-11-07 19:38
【摘要】：无论是发达国家还是发展中国家,公共危机管理都是各国政府绕不开的话题。从2003年“非典”事件到2005年“松花江水污染”事件,从2008年贵州瓮安事件、汶川地震到当年的云南孟连袭警事件、甘肃陇南打砸抢烧事件,从2011年“7·23”温州动车事件到2014年初的昆明火车站恐怖袭击事件,各种频发的公共危机事件都有力证明了我国已进入到危机事件高发的发展时期。同样是公共危机事件,有的演变成了大规模的群体性事件,有的却能得到有效合理解决,很大程度上是源于危机处理方式的不同。危机爆发后,有的政府部门能够理智对待,敢于直视事件,通过及时、全面、准确公开危机信息,让公众了解事态进展,消除民众的心理恐慌,同舟共济,共度难关；有的政府部门却只从自身利益出发,一味隐瞒事件信息,消极应对,导致社会混乱,反而不益危机的消解。因而,本文拟从危机管理中政府信息公开的角度出发,综合运用法学、公共管理学、传播学、公共关系学等领域知识,构建消除危机事件的法制机制。文章共分为五个部分,第一部分作为文章绪论,主要介绍研究的背景、意义,并梳理当下国内外对该领域的研究现状,同时提出了文章的研究思路、研究内容及研究方法；第二部分对公共危机管理与政府信息公开制度进行了概述,包括对公共危机管理中政府信息公开的内涵、特征、可行性与必要性进行了简要概述；第三部分则是通过对我国公共危机管理中政府信息公开的法治化状况进行分析,提出影响我国公共危机管理中政府信息有效公开的障碍因素并从法制观念、法律体系和管理制度三个层面分析成因；第四部分介绍了美国及与我国毗邻的东北亚主要国家政府在公共危机管理中信息公开的理论和操作实践及对我国的启示；最后在第五部分从转变知情权保障理念、完善法律、健全制度等维度提出了完善我国危机管理中政府信息有效公开的建议。
[Abstract]:In both developed and developing countries, public crisis management is an inextricable topic for governments. From the "SARS" incident in 2003 to the "Songhua River water pollution" incident in 2005, from the Weng'an incident in Guizhou in 2008, the Wenchuan earthquake to the Menglian attack on police in Yunnan in that year, and the beating, smashing, looting and burning incident in Longnan, Gansu Province, From the "7.23" Wenzhou train accident in 2011 to the terrorist attack at Kunming Railway Station in early 2014, all kinds of frequent public crisis events have proved that China has entered a period of development with a high incidence of crisis events. The same public crisis events, some of which have evolved into large-scale mass events, some can be effectively and reasonably resolved, to a large extent, is due to the different ways of crisis management. After the outbreak of the crisis, some government departments can rationally treat, dare to look directly at events, through timely, comprehensive and accurate disclosure of crisis information, let the public understand the progress of the situation, eliminate the psychological panic of the public, work together to tide over the difficulties; However, some government departments only act on their own interests, blindly conceal the information of events, and respond passively, which leads to social chaos and does not benefit the resolution of the crisis. Therefore, from the point of view of government information disclosure in crisis management, this paper intends to construct a legal mechanism to eliminate crisis events by synthetically applying knowledge in the fields of law, public management, communication, public relations, and so on. The article is divided into five parts, the first part as the introduction of the article, mainly introduces the research background, significance, and combing the current domestic and foreign research in this field, and put forward the research ideas, research content and research methods; The second part summarizes the system of public crisis management and government information disclosure, including the connotation, characteristics, feasibility and necessity of government information disclosure in public crisis management. The third part is to analyze the rule of law of government information disclosure in the public crisis management of our country, and put forward the obstacle factors that affect the effective disclosure of government information in the public crisis management of our country, and from the concept of legal system. The legal system and the management system analyze the causes of formation; The fourth part introduces the theory and practice of information disclosure in the public crisis management of the United States and the governments of the Northeast Asian countries adjacent to our country, and the enlightenment to our country. Finally, in the fifth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the effective disclosure of government information in China's crisis management from the aspects of changing the concept of the right to know, perfecting the law and perfecting the system.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1
本文编号：2317373
[Abstract]:In both developed and developing countries, public crisis management is an inextricable topic for governments. From the "SARS" incident in 2003 to the "Songhua River water pollution" incident in 2005, from the Weng'an incident in Guizhou in 2008, the Wenchuan earthquake to the Menglian attack on police in Yunnan in that year, and the beating, smashing, looting and burning incident in Longnan, Gansu Province, From the "7.23" Wenzhou train accident in 2011 to the terrorist attack at Kunming Railway Station in early 2014, all kinds of frequent public crisis events have proved that China has entered a period of development with a high incidence of crisis events. The same public crisis events, some of which have evolved into large-scale mass events, some can be effectively and reasonably resolved, to a large extent, is due to the different ways of crisis management. After the outbreak of the crisis, some government departments can rationally treat, dare to look directly at events, through timely, comprehensive and accurate disclosure of crisis information, let the public understand the progress of the situation, eliminate the psychological panic of the public, work together to tide over the difficulties; However, some government departments only act on their own interests, blindly conceal the information of events, and respond passively, which leads to social chaos and does not benefit the resolution of the crisis. Therefore, from the point of view of government information disclosure in crisis management, this paper intends to construct a legal mechanism to eliminate crisis events by synthetically applying knowledge in the fields of law, public management, communication, public relations, and so on. The article is divided into five parts, the first part as the introduction of the article, mainly introduces the research background, significance, and combing the current domestic and foreign research in this field, and put forward the research ideas, research content and research methods; The second part summarizes the system of public crisis management and government information disclosure, including the connotation, characteristics, feasibility and necessity of government information disclosure in public crisis management. The third part is to analyze the rule of law of government information disclosure in the public crisis management of our country, and put forward the obstacle factors that affect the effective disclosure of government information in the public crisis management of our country, and from the concept of legal system. The legal system and the management system analyze the causes of formation; The fourth part introduces the theory and practice of information disclosure in the public crisis management of the United States and the governments of the Northeast Asian countries adjacent to our country, and the enlightenment to our country. Finally, in the fifth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the effective disclosure of government information in China's crisis management from the aspects of changing the concept of the right to know, perfecting the law and perfecting the system.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1
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