五国行政复议制度的启示与借鉴

发布时间：2018-12-28 08:21

【摘要】：《行政诉讼法》的修改已经完成,我国行政复议制度的运行也走到了一个关键节点。域外行政复议制度各具本土特色,但也存在一些普适性规律。通过对德国、美国、英国、日本、韩国有关行政复议体制、行政复议程序以及行政复议与行政诉讼的衔接关系三个方面进行梳理,认为存在以下共通性规律:行政复议以公民权利救济作为重要目的,并逐渐成为解决行政争议的主渠道;行政复议体制越来越强调复议机关的独立性、专业性和公正性;行政复议程序应注重正当程序原则;行政复议裁决在大多数国家都可诉,但是采用自由选择模式还是复议前置模式,以及经过复议后的被告问题,需要考虑本土实际情况。我国《行政复议法》修改应当在充分借鉴域外经验基础上,结合我国行政争议的特点以及高效化解行政争议的现实之需,对未来行政复议体制机制和程序等问题做出有效回应。
[Abstract]:The revision of the Administrative procedure Law has been completed, and the operation of our administrative reconsideration system has reached a key point. Extraterritorial administrative reconsideration system has its own characteristics, but there are also some universal laws. Through the analysis of Germany, the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan and South Korea on the administrative review system, administrative review procedures and the connection between administrative review and administrative proceedings, The author thinks that there are the following common laws: administrative reconsideration takes the relief of civil rights as the important purpose and gradually becomes the main channel to solve administrative disputes; The administrative review system emphasizes more and more the independence, professionalism and impartiality of the administrative review organs, and the procedure of administrative review should pay attention to the principle of due process. Administrative reconsideration adjudication can be sued in most countries, but it is necessary to consider the local actual situation by adopting the free choice mode or the reconsideration preposition mode, as well as the defendant problem after reconsideration. The revision of our country's Administrative reconsideration Law should make an effective response to the future administrative reconsideration system, mechanism and procedure on the basis of fully drawing lessons from overseas experience, combining with the characteristics of administrative disputes in our country and the practical needs of resolving administrative disputes efficiently.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学法治政府研究院;
【分类号】：D922.1

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