被害人救济的模式选择及制度构建

发布时间：2019-03-02 09:34

【摘要】：被害人救济制度的建立显示着国家的文明程度,救济被害人的水平是国家经济社会发展水准的综合反映,确认并实现救济是被害人寻求个人权益保护的主要内容。但由于诉讼机制的局限,被害人在客观上难以通过诉讼程序充分实现其赔偿诉求。面对由此带来的矛盾与冲突,近年来各国和地区根据各自具体情况分别进行了关于被害人救济的立法与实践,并在积极实践的过程中积累了一定的经验与先进理念。这些有益的探索与实践对我国在法律层面上构建一套符合国情的被害人救济制度有着重要的借鉴意义。本文通过对被害人救济基本理论的分析与研究,结合我国部分地区的被害人救助试点工作的实证分析和对部分域外国家的立法考察,在其中总结探索出一种适合我国被害人救济制度的救济模式和立法模式,并对这项制度的原则、对象、条件、范围、机构、金额和救助的程序等内容予以规范。本文共分为五章。第一章主要探讨了被害人救济制度的相关概念和价值,对被害人进行了界定,并阐述了该救济制度的概念与价值。第二章介绍了被害人救济制度的基本理论,对被害人救济制度中的多种理论学说进行了系统的阐释,并分别对其进行评析,提出以“国家责任说为核心,社会福利说为补充”作为我国构建该制度的理论依据。第三章对我国当前被害人救济制度各地尝试实践运行的现状和存在的问题进行了分析,力求为构建我国被害人救济制度提供宝贵的实践经验。而在第四章中则是参考英美法系和大陆法系中的一些典型国家有关被害人救济制度的立法情况,在此之中找寻出值得我国学习与借鉴之处,并在本文的最后一章尝试构建出一种适合我国的合理有效的被害人救济制度。
[Abstract]:The establishment of the victim relief system shows the civilization degree of the country. The level of the victim relief is a comprehensive reflection of the level of national economic and social development, and the recognition and realization of relief is the main content of the victim seeking personal rights and interests protection. However, due to the limitation of litigation mechanism, it is difficult for victims to fully realize their claims for compensation through litigation procedure. In recent years, countries and regions have carried out legislation and practice on victim relief according to their specific circumstances, and have accumulated some experience and advanced ideas in the process of positive practice in the face of the conflicts and conflicts brought about by it. These beneficial exploration and practice have important reference significance for our country to construct a set of victim relief system in accordance with the national conditions on the legal level. Through the analysis and research of the basic theory of victim relief, combined with the empirical analysis of the pilot work of victim relief in some areas of our country and the legislative investigation of some countries outside the territory, This paper summarizes and explores a relief model and legislative model suitable for the victim relief system in our country, and standardizes the principle, object, condition, scope, organization, amount and procedure of the system. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter mainly discusses the related concepts and values of the victim relief system, defines the victim, and expounds the concept and value of the relief system. The second chapter introduces the basic theory of the victim relief system, explains the various theories of the victim relief system, analyzes it separately, and puts forward the theory of state responsibility as the core. The theory of social welfare as a supplement "serves as the theoretical basis for the construction of this system in China." The third chapter analyzes the present situation and existing problems of our country's current victim relief system, and tries to provide valuable practical experience for the construction of our country's victim relief system. The fourth chapter refers to the legislation of some typical countries in the Anglo-American law system and the civil law system about the victim relief system, and finds out some points which our country should learn from and use for reference in this chapter. And in the last chapter of this paper, we try to construct a reasonable and effective victim relief system which is suitable for our country.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.182.3

【参考文献】