商业秘密权的私法保护

发布时间：2018-03-01 02:25

本文关键词： 商业秘密权私法保护损害赔偿　出处：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为一种具有经济价值的信息，商业秘密对于企业的发展以及社会经济的前进具有重大的意义。经济的不断发展变化，更多的事物被民法所关注，商业秘密也因其具有一定的特殊性，亟需寻求法律上的肯定和保护。本文立足于现实基础，深入剖析商业秘密背后的权利本质。以求找寻到最适宜的方式，保护商业秘密不受侵犯。商业秘密在我国的法律规定中一直作为一种法益规定在《反不正当竞争法》中。而深入分析商业秘密，我们发现商业秘密更适合作为一种法律上的私权利——商业秘密权予以保护。从商业秘密到商业秘密权实现了法益权利化的跨越。商业秘密权作为一种私权利，从权利性质上来讲属于知识产权的一种。由于商业秘密权自身的特殊性，不仅兼具知识产权的一般特征，更具相对专有性和时限不确定等特点。商业秘密的法律保护经历了从合同理论到知识产权理论的几个阶段。通过理论基础分析，，我们认为商业秘密权适于通过知识产权理论予以保护。明晰了商业秘密权的知识产权性质，作为一项私权利，依照我国现行的商业秘密法益进行保护有很多不足。商业秘密权是一种私权利，最适宜通过私法进行保护，能够最大限度的体现意思自治，保障权利人的权益。但是对一项权利完整的保护并不是单独依靠某一部门法，而是应该建立全方位的法律保护体系。在确立私法保护基础地位的前提下，充分发挥刑法与行政法的辅助作用，更好的保护商业秘密权。我国关于商业秘密权的规定散见于各个部门法之中，没有一个完整的保护制度。在明确了商业秘密权私权本质的基础上，在私法中构建出商业秘密权保护制度。尤其重要的是界定商业秘密权保护范围，对技术秘密、经营秘密与其他秘密进行充分分析，界定出哪些应该由商业秘密权予以保护。商业秘密权由于具有秘密性，因此在确定商业秘密权保护范围的时候需要充分考虑相关因素。在权利保护与相对人自由之间寻找平衡点，既能够充分保障商业秘密权利人的合法权益，又不至于侵犯其他人的合法权益。这就需要对商业秘密权加以合理限制。商业秘密权同其他权利一样，无救济则无权利可言，因此商业秘密权救济制度是对权利的保障。商业秘密权侵权问题，主要研究的是侵权责任归责原则和损害赔偿问题。侵害商业秘密权的侵权责任归责原则主要是过错责任原则和过错推定原则两方面。主观过错应该作为认定侵犯商业秘密权的要件之一，以保障相对人的行动自由。但是又考虑到商业秘密侵权的秘密性导致的举证困难，需要将过错的举证责任在当事双方之间合理分配，才能达到更好的效果。商业秘密侵权最难解决的就是损害赔偿问题。由于商业秘密权被侵犯可能造成巨大的经济损失，如何实际补损成为研究重点。立足于我国司法现状，应该构建侵犯商业秘密权的法定赔偿额制度。这一制度建立能够有效解决赔偿缓慢以及赔偿不足的问题。另外我国对于惩罚性损害赔偿规定的缺失，也可以结合法定赔偿制度予以解决。通过对商业秘密权的全面分析和研究，认定商业秘密权应该在法律上予以确立。应明确其私权性质，并构建相应的权利保障制度。商业秘密权在重新整合和完善之后，不仅能够得到更好地保护，而且必定在未来的私法体系改革中起到开拓作用。商业秘密权在私法的保护下也必将大放异彩，为社会主义市场经济的发展做出巨大贡献。
[Abstract]:As a kind of economic value of information, business secret is of great significance for the development of enterprises and the economic and social progress. The development of the economy, more and more things to be civil law concern, but also because of the business secret has some particularity, it is necessary to seek affirmation and protection of the law. This article is based on the reality based on in-depth analysis of the nature of right of business secret behind. In order to find the most appropriate way to protect commercial secrets from infringement.
Business secrets in China's laws and regulations have been stipulated in the law as a "law against unfair competition. And in-depth analysis of commercial secrets, we found that the business secret is more suitable as a kind of private legal rights -- the right of commercial secret protection. From the commercial secret to realize the right of commercial secret rights law the leap. Business secret rights as a kind of private right, from the nature of intellectual property rights belong to one. Because of the particularity of the trade secret right itself, not only has the general characteristics of intellectual property rights, more exclusive and time characteristics of relative uncertainty. The legal protection of commercial secrets from the experience of the several stages of contract theory to intellectual property theory. Through the analysis of the theory, we believe that the right of commercial secret for protected by intellectual property theory. Clarify the nature of intellectual property rights as the right of commercial secret. A private right, in accordance with the interests of the trade secret law in our country the current protection has some shortcomings. The trade secret right is a private right, the most suitable for protection by law, can reflect the autonomy to maximize the protection of the rights of human rights. But for a complete rights protection is not to rely solely on a department of law, but the legal protection system should be established in all directions. In the precondition of establishing private law protection status, fully play the supporting role of criminal law and administrative law, the protection of commercial secret right better.
China's regulations on trade secret rights referring to each department, not a complete protection system. The basic right of commercial secret rights nature, construct the business secret protection system of the right in the private law. It is particularly important to define the scope of protection of business secrets, the technical secrets and business secrets the full analysis and other secret, define what should be protected by trade secret rights. The right of commercial secret because of the secrecy, therefore in determining the protection scope of business secret rights need to fully consider related factors. Looking for the balance between the protection of the rights and the relative freedom, can fully protect the legitimate rights of trade secrets right, and not infringe other people's legitimate rights and interests. It needs to be reasonable restrictions on trade secret right. Trade secret rights and other rights, no relief, no right A profit, so the business secret rights relief system is the safeguard of rights. The right of commercial secret infringement, is the main problem of the imputation principle of tort liability and compensation for damages. The imputation principles of infringement liability for infringement of trade secret right is mainly the principle of fault liability and fault presumption principle two. Should be identified as one of the subjective fault the elements of infringement of business secret rights, in order to protect the relative people's freedom of action. But considering the difficulties of proof secret commercial secret infringement caused by the need to be between the burden of proof in the fault of the parties reasonably, in order to achieve better results. Compensation for infringement of trade secrets is the most difficult to resolve because of commercial damage. Secret rights have been violated may cause huge economic losses, how the actual loss becomes the focus of study. Based on the legal status of our country, we should construct infringement of trade secret right The system of statutory compensation is established. This system can effectively solve the problem of slow compensation and insufficient compensation. Besides, the lack of punitive damages in China can also be solved by combining the statutory compensation system.
Through a comprehensive analysis and Research on trade secret rights, identification of business secret rights should be established in law. It should be clear private property rights protection system, and construct the corresponding business secret rights. After the re integration and improvement, not only can get better protection, and will in the future in the private law system reform to explore the role of business secret rights in private law. The protection will also shine, make a great contribution to the development of socialist market economy.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.294

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