浅析337调查和我国政府应对的角色定位

发布时间：2018-03-04 03:32

本文选题：337调查　切入点：贸易保护主义　出处：《扬州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：毋庸置疑,21世纪是知识经济的时代。尤为体现该时代特征的是,WTO成员之间在知识产权领域越来越激烈的竞争,而国际竞争的焦点也转到对知识产权的保护上,因为我国长期以来是以出口劳动密集型产品为主,故而人们的注意力更多的集中在反倾销、反补贴等价格数量控制措施上,忽略了337调查对中国企业的杀伤力。近几年来,随着中国的经济崛起和快速增长的工业生产与出口,美国针对中国的337调查案件在数量上大幅增长,特别是2008年美国发生次贷危机以来情况更为严重,中国出口企业因而遭受到了重大损失。越来越多的中国产品在美国被提起337条款调查。这里所说的337调查亦被称作337条款诉讼——美国依据1930年《关税法》第337节关于不公平竞争,特别是那些侵犯了美国所保护的专利、商标等知识产权的进口产品发起的调查。一旦调查指控成立,美国国际贸易委员会(英文全称为USITC)将会发布制裁措施,如排除该产品进口到美国。我们可以把上述的情况归为贸易摩擦,而中美之间之所以产生愈演愈烈的贸易摩擦,根本原因是由于美国在对外贸易中还推行着贸易保护主义政策。美国屡屡启动337调查程序,这已成为中国的诸多企业进入美国国内市场的极为严重的贸易壁垒。就这一问题,社会对于在337调查中中国企业始终处于不利地位的这一现实情形做出过各式各样的反应,但其基本思路都可以归结为一点——被动的应对。由于全球性金融危机的爆发,导致国际的贸易规则和有关知识产权方面的战略也随之被调整,美国的贸易保护主义政策又从新抬头,而337调查更加显现出其贸易保护的巨大作用,美国于是经由337调查把金融危机的不利后果转嫁于他国(尤其是中国)。假如继续让被动应对的思路延续在中国的对美贸易上,那么中国还将在产品贸易上付出惨重的代价。这势必对我国的企业进军海外市场带来极为不利的影响,更不利于我国政府所倡导的“走出去”战略的实施。本文通过梳理337调查的沿革,分析337条款历次修改后的特征,指出了337调查的贸易保护主义实质。在对美国“337条款”进行理论研究的基础上,提出了我国应经由政府层面进行应对的策略。要想从根本上解决中国企业在337调查过程中的被动地位,除了提升中国企业的知识产权竞争实力外,更重要的是开辟官方解决途径,这就要求中国政府在应对337调查时要进行准确的角色定位,使中国企业免遭337调查,从而充分维护中国企业在国际贸易环境下的利益,以期推进我国外贸顺利发展、保障国民经济正常健康运行。
[Abstract]:There is no doubt that the 21st century is an era of knowledge economy. What is particularly characteristic of this era is the increasingly fierce competition among WTO members in the field of intellectual property rights, and the focus of international competition has shifted to the protection of intellectual property rights. Because for a long time our country has been mainly exporting labor-intensive products, people's attention has been more focused on anti-dumping, countervailing and other price quantitative control measures, ignoring the killing power of 337 investigations on Chinese enterprises. In recent years, With the rise of China's economy and the rapid growth of industrial production and exports, the number of cases investigated by the United States against China has increased substantially, especially since the subprime mortgage crisis occurred in the United States in 2008. More and more Chinese products are being investigated in the United States. The 337 investigation is also called Section 337 lawsuit-the United States of America under Section 337 of the Customs Act of 1930. With regard to unfair competition, In particular, investigations into imports that violate patents, trademarks and other intellectual property rights protected by the United States. Once the investigation is established, the US International Trade Commission (USITC) will issue sanctions. If we exclude the import of the product to the United States, we can classify the above as trade frictions, and the growing trade friction between China and the United States, The root cause is that the United States also pursues protectionist policies in its foreign trade. The United States has repeatedly initiated the 337 investigation procedure, which has become an extremely serious trade barrier for many Chinese enterprises to enter the domestic market of the United States. On this issue, The society has made various reactions to the fact that Chinese enterprises are always at a disadvantage in the 337 survey, but its basic thinking can all be summed up as a one--passive response. Because of the outbreak of the global financial crisis, As a result, international trade rules and strategies related to intellectual property rights have also been adjusted, the protectionist policies of the United States have resurfaced again, and the 337 investigation has even more demonstrated the enormous role of its trade protection. The United States then passed on the adverse consequences of the financial crisis to other countries (especially China) through 337 investigations. If we continue to let the passive response continue in China's trade with the United States, Then China will also pay a heavy price in product trade, which will inevitably have a very adverse impact on our enterprises' entry into overseas markets, and will be even more detrimental to the implementation of the "going out" strategy advocated by the Chinese government. By combing the evolution of Section 337, this paper analyzes the characteristics of Section 337 after successive revisions, and points out the essence of Trade protectionism of Section 337. On the basis of theoretical research on Section 337 of the United States, In order to fundamentally solve the passive position of Chinese enterprises in the course of 337 investigation, besides enhancing the competitive strength of intellectual property rights of Chinese enterprises, this paper puts forward some strategies to deal with them at the government level. What is more important is to open up an official solution. This requires the Chinese Government to carry out an accurate role positioning in response to the 337 investigation, so that Chinese enterprises will not be investigated in 337, so as to fully safeguard the interests of Chinese enterprises in the international trade environment. With a view to promoting the smooth development of China's foreign trade, to ensure the normal and healthy operation of the national economy.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.29

【参考文献】