利益平衡视角下的知识产权海关保护研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 10:23

本文选题：知识产权　切入点：海关　出处：《上海交通大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着世界经济全球化、经济知识化的发展趋势，作为发达国家保持贸易平衡、攫取超额利润、维护核心竞争力的重要方式和途径，知识产权在国际贸易中的突出地位正在不断得到加强。2001年，中国获批加入WTO之后，承诺立刻全面实施《与贸易有关的知识产权（包括假冒商品贸易）协议（草案）》。近年来，我国正逐渐加强对知识产权保护，特别是知识产权的海关保护。目前，中国仍是世界上为数不多的在出口环节实施知识产权保护的国家之一。但是，目前由于我国尚未脱离粗放型的经济发展模式，，国内企业的短视心理严重及知识产权保护意识的薄弱，导致自主创新能力不强以及对自有品牌及专利保护力度不强。无论从海关的知识产权备案系统中还是海关查获的侵权货物中，涉及的权利人大多为国外企业，以致于海关对假冒、盗版等行为的打击伤害了很多国内出口企业的经济利益，甚至直接涉及损害国家利益，所以对于目前我国实施的知识产权海关保护是不力还是过度在学术界引起了争论。因此，笔者试图将我国知识产权海关保护制度与国外发达国家相比较，从分析我国知识产权海关保护现状结合海关查获的部分具有争议的侵权案例，重点提出目前我国知识产权海关保护中形成利益矛盾局面的3个突出问题，最后基于利益平衡这一理论角度提出缓解或改善现存问题的解决方法，以期提高中国海关在进出境环节查处侵权货物的查验有效率以及在国家、社会、知识产权权利人和收发货人等多方利益中寻找相对平衡点。本文首先以文献研究和理论研究为起点，运用利益平衡理论分析我国知识产权海关保护中涉及的利益主体及利益诉求，为全文奠定了理论基础；其次通过从利益平衡角度将国外发达国家实施的知识产权海关保护政策与国内的相比较，对我国知识产权海关保护存在的共性问题即我国知识产权海关保护方式、知识产权权利人权利使用不当以及“定牌加工”引发的被动侵权这3个侵害多方利益的问题进行了梳理和分析；最后，运用利益平衡分析方法为完善我国知识产权海关保护的提出对应的对策和建议。本文的特点在于以一名基层海关工作者的视角，以政策可执行性和管理相对人的直接反馈为特点，提出对我国知识产权海关保护的一些对策和建议，以期营造国内更和谐的知识产权海关保护的氛围。
[Abstract]:With the globalization of the world economy and the development trend of economic knowledge, as an important way and way for developed countries to maintain trade balance, grab excess profits, and maintain their core competitiveness, The prominent position of intellectual property rights in international trade is constantly being strengthened. In 2001, after China was approved to join the WTO, it undertook to implement the Agreement on Trade-Related intellectual property Rights (including Trade in counterfeit goods) (draft) immediately and fully in recent years. China is gradually strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, especially the customs protection of intellectual property rights. At present, China is still one of the few countries in the world to implement the protection of intellectual property rights in the export link. However, At present, as China has not divorced itself from the extensive economic development model, the short-sighted mentality of domestic enterprises and the weak awareness of intellectual property protection are serious. As a result, the independent innovation ability is not strong and the protection of private brands and patents is not strong. Whether from the intellectual property filing system of the Customs or the infringing goods seized by the Customs, most of the right holders involved are foreign enterprises, As a result, the customs crackdown on counterfeiting and piracy has harmed the economic interests of many domestic export enterprises, and even directly affected the national interests. Therefore, whether the current implementation of intellectual property customs protection in our country is inadequate or excessive has aroused controversy in academic circles. Therefore, the author tries to compare our country's intellectual property customs protection system with that of foreign developed countries. Based on the analysis of the current situation of intellectual property protection in China combined with some controversial infringement cases seized by the Customs, this paper puts forward three outstanding problems that have formed a conflict of interest in the protection of intellectual property in our country. Finally, based on the theory of balance of interests, the paper puts forward solutions to alleviate or improve the existing problems, in order to improve the efficiency of checking and handling the infringing goods in the entry and exit links of the Chinese Customs, as well as in the country and society. The intellectual property right holder and the consignor and so on multi-party interest seeks the relative balance point. Based on the literature research and theoretical research, this paper analyzes the main body of interest and interest demand in the customs protection of intellectual property rights by using the theory of interest balance, which lays a theoretical foundation for the full text. Secondly, by comparing the intellectual property customs protection policies implemented by foreign developed countries with the domestic ones from the angle of balance of interests, the common problems existing in the customs protection of intellectual property rights in China, that is, the mode of customs protection of intellectual property rights in China, are discussed. This paper analyzes three problems of infringing the interests of various parties caused by improper use of the rights of intellectual property rights holders and the passive infringement caused by "licensing processing". This paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for perfecting the customs protection of intellectual property rights by using the method of interest balance analysis. The characteristic of this paper is to put forward some countermeasures and suggestions on the protection of intellectual property right in our country from the perspective of a grass-roots customs worker, with the characteristics of policy enforcement and direct feedback of management relative person. In order to create a more harmonious domestic intellectual property customs protection atmosphere.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F204;F752.5

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