超细羽绒粒子的制备及其染料吸附性能的基础研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 13:37

本文选题：超细羽绒粒子　切入点：吸附　出处：《武汉纺织大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着中国经济持续快速的发展、人口剧烈增长与城市快速扩张，环境污染问题日益严重，其中水污染最为突出。染料废水因有机含量高、色度深、排放量大、水质复杂而成为难以治理的工业废水之一。羽绒是一种天然蛋白质纤维材料，由于其优良的吸湿、透气性能而被作为纺织材料大量使用。我国每年羽绒类产量近2亿公斤。除了少量的用于服装和床上用品中作保暖填充材料以及在复合材料中作为增强材料之外，大部分只是简单加工处理用作动物饲料或者作为废弃物处理，这不仅对天然蛋白质资源造成了大量的浪费，而且给环境保护带来很大压力。针对天然蛋白质羽绒材料的资源化利用问题，以超细羽绒粒子为吸附剂，研究了超细羽绒粒子对水中不同类型染料酸性大红3R,直接耐酸大红4BS和还原大红R的吸附去除过程。通过粒径分布、氮气吸附脱附（BET）、XRD、扫描电镜（SEM）、元素和氨基酸组成分析、红外光谱（FTIR）等测试方法对吸附剂的物理形态结构及孔径参数进行了表征。通过一系列批处理实验考察了超细羽绒粒子对染料的吸附过程，找出最佳吸附条件，并探究其吸附机理。结果表明：采用具有自主知识产权的粉体加工设备加工所得的超细羽绒粒子表面极不光滑，有大量的空隙或孔洞。粒子直径处于0.2-12μm间，平均粒径为2.34±0.26μm，比表面积为7277cm2/g，总孔体积为1797cm3/g，平均孔径为9.8779nm，是一种介孔材料，而且它是结晶区和无定形区的两相聚集态结构，结晶度为43.26%。实验研究了超细羽绒粒子对酸性大红3R、直接耐酸大红4BS、还原大红R染料的吸附行为。研究结果显示：在三种染料中，超细羽绒粒子对酸性大红3R的吸附效果最好，为137.5516mg/g。在此基础上，实验还研究了不同温度（298、308、318K）下超细羽绒粒子对酸性大红3R的吸附热力学和吸附动力学。通过对活化能和热力学参数的计算发现Ea为59.516kJ/mol，，可能为化学吸附。△H0和△S0均大于0，△G0小于0，这说明超细羽绒粒子对染料的吸附是一个自发的吸热的化学吸附过程，温度越高，吸附效果越好。分别用准一级动力学模型，准二级动力学模型对动力学实验数据进行拟合，研究结果表明：准二级动力学模型能够较好地描述超细羽绒粒子对酸性大红3R的吸附过程。而且，准二级动力学方程理论平衡吸附容量qe与实验值很接近，这表明控制速率过程可能是化学吸附。通过上述分析，我们发现：超细羽绒粒子对酸性大红3R染料的吸附过程比较复杂，在酸性条件下，超细羽绒粒子与染料存在离子键作用力，染料被定位吸附在超细羽绒粒子上。此外，超细羽绒粒子与染料还存在氢键和范德华力作用。总之，超细羽绒粒子作为一种廉价的吸附剂对水溶液中酸性大红3R、直接耐酸大红4BS、还原大红R染料具有很好的去除效果。该研究为后续利用超细羽绒粒子处理染料废水或其他难降解有机污染物的实际应用提供研究基础和理论支持。
[Abstract]:With the continuous and rapid development of China's economy, the rapid growth of population and the rapid expansion of cities have caused serious environmental pollution. Water pollution is most prominent. Dye wastewater is one of the most difficult to control industrial wastewater due to its high organic content, deep color, large discharge and complex water quality.
Feather is a kind of natural protein fiber materials, due to its excellent moisture absorption, air permeability was used as a textile material widely used. China's annual output of nearly 200 million kg class down. In addition to a small number of used clothing and bedding in warm and filling material in the composite material as reinforcing material, mostly used as simple processing animal feed or as waste, which not only the natural protein resources waste and environmental protection, to bring great pressure.
According to the resources of the natural protein material by down, with particle superfine down as adsorbent of superfine down particles on different types of acid red 3R dye in water, the removal of Direct Scarlet 4BS and red R adsorption. The reduction of particle size distribution, nitrogen adsorption desorption (BET), XRD (scanning electron microscope. SEM), analysis of the composition of elements and amino acids, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) structure and physical morphology of aperture test methods on adsorption were investigated. The effects of adsorption process of ultrafine particles on the dye down through a series of batch processing, to find out the optimum adsorption conditions, and to explore the mechanism of adsorption. The results showed that the surface of ultrafine feather particles processed by powder processing equipment obtained with independent intellectual property rights is not smooth, there are a lot of gaps or holes. The particle diameter in 0.2-12 m, the average particle size of 2.34 + 0.26. M has a specific surface area of 7277cm2/g, a total pore volume of 1797cm3/g, and an average pore size of 9.8779nm. It is a mesoporous material, and it is a two phase aggregate structure of crystalline and amorphous regions with a crystallinity of 43.26%..
Experimental study on the superfine down particle of acid scarlet 3R, Direct Scarlet 4BS adsorption reduction red R dye. The results showed: in the three kinds of dyes, the best particle superfine down adsorption effect of acid red 3R, 137.5516mg/g. on the basis of this, the effect of different temperature (298308318K) under superfine down the particle of acid red 3R adsorption thermodynamics and dynamics. Through the calculation of activation energy and thermodynamic parameters revealed that Ea 59.516kJ/mol, may be chemical adsorption. Delta H0 and delta S0 were greater than 0, G0 less than 0, which indicates that the ultra fine particles down the dye adsorption is a spontaneous chemical adsorption process the heat, the higher the temperature, the adsorption effect is better. With the pseudo first order kinetic model, quasi two level dynamic model to fit the kinetic experimental data, the results show that: the quasi two stage dynamic model Can better describe the adsorption process of ultrafine particles on the feather of acid red 3R. Moreover, quasi two order kinetic equation theory of equilibrium adsorption capacity of QE and the experimental value is very close, suggesting that the rate control process may be chemical adsorption. Through the above analysis, we found that the adsorption process of superfine down particles of acid red 3R dye complex under acidic conditions, superfine down particles and dye ionic bond, dye is adsorbed on the particle orientation of superfine down. In addition, superfine down particles and dye are hydrogen bonding and the Vander Ed Ley effect.
In short, the particle superfine down as a cheap adsorbent of acid red 3R in aqueous solution, Direct Scarlet 4BS VAT scarlet R dye has good removal effect. To provide research basis and theoretical support for subsequent research on the practical application of the superfine down treatment of dye wastewater particles or other refractory organic pollutants.

【学位授予单位】：武汉纺织大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X791;TS102.3

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