知识产权视阈下传统文化保护范围的法律认定

发布时间：2018-03-28 17:47

本文选题：知识产权　切入点：传统文化　出处：《哈尔滨工程大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：传统文化的知识产权保护之所以屡遭否定,与公众包括学界对知识产权视阈下传统文化的范围认定不清有直接关系。研究发现传统文化可以分为有形传统文化与无形传统文化;以是否可以某一介质作为载体为标准,无形传统文化又可以分为思想型传统文化与技艺型传统文化、符标型传统文化三大类。根据知识产品之无形性等特点,技艺型传统文化、符标型传统文化符合“无形有体”的特征,可见知识产权视阈下的传统文化应与“技艺型传统文化+符标型传统文化”的总和相一致。对国内外立法概况的梳理和总结为恰当认定知识产权视阈下传统文化的保护范围奠定了坚实的基础。与全民型权利主体相比,社群型权利主体的认定较为复杂。既有不同社群之间的归属争议,又涉及同一社群少数成员迁徙后主体地位的分析。笔者认为以作品为基础时,迁徙成员主体地位可以保留,而在坐标本位模式下,迁徙成员会丧失主体地位。关于传统文化的权利客体,除基本分类外,也可以分为原生型传统文化与演绎型传统文化,而演绎型传统文化严格意义上不属于传统文化。传统文化权利内容包括精神权利和财产权利,着重强调真实性、保密性及非冒犯性对权利内容实现的重要作用。可见,对传统文化知识产权保护,应从立法的层面,设置赔偿权、知情同意权及惠益分享权。对传统文化保护应当走出知识产权法“公有领域”的认识误区,承认公有领域的文化应用将实现从“免费文化”到“公平文化”的逐步过渡。
[Abstract]:The reason why the protection of intellectual property rights of traditional culture is repeatedly denied is directly related to the ambiguity of the scope of traditional culture from the perspective of intellectual property rights in the public, including the academic circles. The study found that the traditional culture can be divided into tangible traditional culture and intangible traditional culture. According to the criterion of whether a medium can be used as a carrier, intangible traditional culture can be divided into three categories: ideological traditional culture, artisanal traditional culture, standard traditional culture, etc. According to the characteristics of the knowledge product, the artisanal traditional culture can be divided into three categories: ideological traditional culture, artisanal traditional culture, etc. The traditional culture accords with the characteristics of "invisible substance". It can be seen that the traditional culture from the perspective of intellectual property rights should be consistent with the sum of "the traditional culture of skill type traditional culture of conformity type". Combing and summing up the general situation of legislation at home and abroad, it is appropriate to identify the traditional culture under the scope of intellectual property right. The scope of protection has laid a solid foundation. The identification of the subject of social rights is more complicated. There are not only disputes among different communities, but also the analysis of the status of the subject after the migration of minority members of the same community. The author thinks that the subject status of the migrant member can be preserved on the basis of the works. On the other hand, in the coordinate standard mode, migrant members will lose their subject status. Besides basic classification, the right object of traditional culture can also be divided into primary traditional culture and deductive traditional culture. But the deductive traditional culture does not belong to the traditional culture in the strict sense. The content of the traditional cultural rights includes spiritual rights and property rights, emphasizing the important role of authenticity, confidentiality and non-offensive to the realization of the content of the rights. For the protection of intellectual property rights of traditional culture, we should set up the right of compensation, informed consent and benefit-sharing from the level of legislation. We should get rid of the misunderstanding of the "public domain" of the law of intellectual property rights for the protection of traditional culture. The recognition of cultural applications in the public domain will lead to a gradual transition from a "free culture" to a "fair culture".
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.4

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