论我国专家辅助人制度的完善

发布时间：2018-03-29 10:17

本文选题：民事诉讼　切入点：专家辅助人　出处：《西北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科学技术的不断发展，在现代诉讼中涉及越来越多的专业问题，这些专业问题一直以来都是由鉴定人进行鉴定并给出鉴定意见，如医疗事故的纠纷、知识产权案件、产品质量案件等。由于法官和当事人对专门性案件都缺少相应的专业知识，故无法对鉴定意见进行审查和认定。在各种各样的专业问题面前，，法官只是法律人而不是科学家，不可能对各个领域的知识都能加以识别和认定，面对专业性很强的问题，法官难以应对。但是，基于法官不能拒绝裁判也不能随意裁判的原则，为了解决和待证事实有关的专业性问题，需要求助于各行各业的专家，通过他们的帮助，使法官作出正确的判决。同时也是为了维护当事人合法的诉讼权益，实现对鉴定意见的有效质证。 2012年新修改的《民事诉讼法》规定：“当事人可以申请人民法院通知有专门知识的人出庭，就鉴定人作出的鉴定意见或者专业问题提出意见。”理论界将这里所说的“具有专门知识的人”称为“专家辅助人”。但是专家辅助人制度在我国实际司法实践中的运用却很少。从法官的角度来看，由于立法上缺乏相关配套规定，故在审判过程中专家辅助人制度的适用无所是从。因此，有必要对我国专家辅助人制度进行完善。本文对专家辅助人制度的完善主要以民事诉讼为视角。文章共分为四部分：第一部分是对专家辅助人制度的概述。该部分首先介绍我国专家辅助人制度的立法背景及立法原因，其次介绍我国专家辅助人制度的概念，及与其他相关概念的辨析，最后综述我国确立并完善专家辅助人制度的意义。第二部分是对我国专家辅助人制度的现状及存在问题的进行分析。通过对专家辅助人在我国民事诉讼司法实践中运行情况的分析，总结了专家辅助人制度设立后存在的主要问题。为第三部分的我国专家辅助人制度的完善提供参考思路。第三部分是对完善我国专家辅助人制度的构想。通过第二章对专家辅助人制度在我国的现状和存在问题的分析，对专家辅助人的资格、权利义务、诉讼地位、专家意见的效力、以及专家辅助人的选任和监管机制等方面进行了探析，为我国民事诉讼中专家辅助人制度的完善提供一些思路。第四部分是针对我国在专家辅助人制度尚不完善的情况下，结合我国专家辅助人制度在实际运用中可能会出现的问题提出自己的建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, more and more professional problems are involved in modern litigation. These professional problems are always appraised by experts, such as medical malpractice disputes, intellectual property cases, Product quality cases and so on. Because judges and parties lack the corresponding professional knowledge of specialized cases, they cannot examine and determine the appraisal opinions. In the face of various professional issues, judges are only legal people, not scientists. It is impossible to identify and recognize knowledge in all fields, and it is difficult for a judge to cope with a very professional problem. However, on the basis of the principle that judges cannot refuse or decide at will, In order to solve the professional problems related to the facts to be proved, we need to turn to experts in various professions, through their help, to enable the judge to make the correct judgment. At the same time, it is also to safeguard the legitimate litigant rights and interests of the parties. To realize the effective cross-examination of the appraisal opinion. The newly amended "Civil procedure Law" in 2012 stipulates that "the parties may apply to the people's court to notify a person with expertise to appear in court," Put forward opinions on the expert opinions or professional questions. "the theorists refer to the" persons with specialized knowledge "as" expert auxiliaries ". But the system of expert auxiliaries in the actual judicial practice of our country. From the judge's point of view, Due to the lack of relevant supporting provisions in the legislation, the application of the expert assistant system in the course of the trial is not applicable. It is necessary to perfect the system of expert auxiliaries in our country. In this paper, the perfection of the system of expert auxiliaries is mainly from the perspective of civil litigation. The article is divided into four parts:. The first part is an overview of the expert Auxiliary system. This part first introduces the legislative background and legislative reasons of the expert Auxiliary system in China, and then introduces the concept of the expert Auxiliary system in China, and the discrimination between the system and other related concepts. Finally, the significance of establishing and perfecting the expert assistant system in China is summarized. The second part is the analysis of the current situation and existing problems of the expert assistant system in our country, through the analysis of the operation of the expert assistant in the judicial practice of civil litigation in our country. This paper summarizes the main problems existing after the establishment of the expert assistant system, and provides reference ideas for the improvement of the expert assistant person system in our country in the third part. The third part is to perfect our country expert assistant person system conception, through the second chapter to the expert assistant person system in our country present situation and the existence question analysis, to the expert auxiliary person's qualification, the right duty, the lawsuit status, The effectiveness of the expert opinion, the selection and supervision mechanism of the expert assistant are analyzed, which provides some ideas for the perfection of the expert assistant system in the civil litigation in our country. The fourth part is aimed at our country in our country in the expert assistant person system is not perfect, unifies our country expert assistant person system in the actual application may appear the question to put forward own suggestion.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1

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