我国知识产权海关保护备案制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 04:10

本文选题：知识产权　切入点：海关保护　出处：《安徽大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：知识产权海关保护(又称知识产权边境保护)是我国知识产权行政保护的一种,在依法治国和国际接轨的背景下,知识产权海关保护法律制度的建设有着重要的意义。目前,西方各发达国家都将知识产权海关保护放在极为重要的地位,相应的法律法规日臻完善、知识产权执法体制日趋高效,各国海关的执法力度也在不断加大,知识产权海关保护同样已经成为我国海关一项不可替代的重要非传统职能。其在抑制侵权贸易、维护公平贸易秩序、赢取我国和平发展外部环境方面发挥了重要的作用。经过这十几年的迅速发展,我国在知识产权海关保护法律制度建设方面已经取得巨大的进步,基本的制度框架已然构建,但是在如何结合现实发展的需求和执法实践作进一步的完善,仍需理论研究者和实践工作者去不断的探索、思考。作为在海关知识产权保护中居于基础性地位“知识产权海关备案保护”,虽然已经在借鉴各国经验后形成了较为完备的备案制度体系,但是随着经济社会的不断向前发展,在执法实践中仍存在诸多的问题。如在知识产权海关保护中仍然存在的较为明显的重实体轻程序现象,还是可以发现相关法条对备案等的实体内容规定较为明确,有确定的内容及金额,但对于有关程序的规定就较为模糊。法律程序是落实实体法律的手段,但是程序规定相对薄弱也制约了实体内容的功效,其实如前所述,我国知识产权海关保护包含备案制度在内的部分内容已经较为超前,但是海关的相关程序规定还应进行进一步规范。在本文中,笔者正是以知识产权海关保护的备案制度为切入点展开细致的思考与分析,对备案制度的历史、现状以及国外备案制度进行研究,同时特别关注执法细节,关注在备案环节上规定较为模糊的部分,研究如何进一步完善梳理流程,制定硬性操作模式,减少自由裁量权,提升效率。以从中概括总结出对我国知识产权海关保护备案制度的改进意见,从而从更高的层面推动我国知识产权海关保护法律制度的建设。笔者提出应首先应综合平衡两种备案模式借鉴欧盟海关“被动”申请,“主动”查处的备案模式和执法形式,即采用依申请为主,结合依职权,并以权利人为核心的方式。其次提出知识产权海关保护程序无论以何种方式启动,权利人只应提供与货值等价的担保。再有就是对专利权实施特殊的有限保护模式。并将此归纳为“主动监测、被动保护”的特殊专利权海关保护模式。积极探讨现行备案制度存在的不足和需要改进之处。此外笔者还结合海关实际业务工作,提出在备案环节引入较为新颖的海关企业风险管理的备案制度运作方式,利用海关自身优势,蕴知识产权保护工作于海关的日常企业管理工作中。最后还提出进出口货物保护应区别对待。以此在备案环节应对权利人滥用权利的情况,使权利人权利和义务更趋一致。
[Abstract]:Customs protection of intellectual property (also known as intellectual property border protection) is one of the administrative protection of intellectual property in China. Under the background of rule by law and international integration, the construction of the legal system of Customs Protection of intellectual property is of great significance.
At present, the developed countries of the western customs protection of intellectual property on a very important position, the corresponding laws and regulations continue to improve the enforcement of intellectual property rights system is more and more efficient, national customs enforcement is also increasing, the Customs Protection of intellectual property rights has also become China's customs an irreplaceable important non-traditional functions. Its inhibition in infringing trade, maintain fair trade order, play an important role to the external environment of China's peaceful development.
After ten years of rapid development, China has made great progress in the construction of legal system of Customs Protection of intellectual property rights, the basic institutional framework is already built, but in how to combine the real development needs and further improve the law enforcement practice, still need theory researchers and practice workers to continually explore, thinking. As the Customs Protection of intellectual property in the basic position of "intellectual property protection of the Customs for the record", has been drawing on the experience of other countries to form a more complete filing system system, but with the continuous economic and social development, there are still many problems in the practice of law enforcement.
If you still exist in the Customs Protection of intellectual property rights in the obvious entity lightprogram phenomenon, can still be found in the relevant law of filing entity content more clearly defined, determine the content and the amount, but for the provisions of the program moreblurred. The legal procedure is a means to implement the substantive laws, but the program the provisions are relatively weak but also restricted the effectiveness of the entity content, in fact, as mentioned earlier, the Customs Protection of intellectual property rights in China contains part of the filing system is more advanced, but the customs related procedures should also be further standardized.
In this paper, the author is thinking and detailed analysis to the filing system of Customs Protection of intellectual property rights as the starting point, to record the history of the system, research status quo and foreign filing system, paying particular attention to the law enforcement details, concerned about the provisions vague in part of the record, to study how to further improve the combing process, develop rigid mode of operation, reduce discretion, enhance efficiency. In order to summarize suggestions for improvement of China Customs Protection of intellectual property rights record system, so as to promote the construction of our country's customs protection of intellectual property rights legal system from a higher level.
The author should first comprehensive balance two record model from the EU customs "passive" application, "active" and the record mode and forms of law enforcement, according to application, combined with the authority, and the right to human centered way. Secondly, the program of Customs Protection of intellectual property rights started regardless of the manner in which human rights only should be equivalent to the value of guarantees. There is the implementation of the patent protection mode Limited special. And this summed up as "active monitoring, passive protection" special patent protection mode of customs. Actively explore the shortcomings of the existing filing system and needs to be improved.
In addition, the author also combined with the actual business of the customs work, introduced the risk management of new enterprises in the customs filing link filing system mode of operation, the customs of their own advantages, the protection of intellectual property rights in the enterprise management in the daily work of the customs. We also put forward the protection of import and export goods should be treated differently. In this part of the record deal with the rights of people the abuse of rights, the rights of people more consistent with the rights and obligations.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.4

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