时栅传感器高速动态测量解算方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 23:15

本文选题：时栅位移传感器　切入点：动态测量　出处：《重庆理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：时栅位移传感器是一种拥有自主知识产权的全新位移传感器。目前，时栅在静态和低速条件下测量的应用中，已经实现了较好的精度和分辨率。但在高速动态测量中，对时栅传感器的时间响应特性提出了新的要求，存在例如采样波形规律不明显、波形出现尖端脉冲等现象，导致动态误差的产生和精度的下降。研究时栅高速动态测量中存在的问题，对进一步提高时栅的测量精度，推动其产业化发展具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。本论文在国家自然科学基金项目“基于误差转换的时栅角位移传感器自标定和自校准方法研究”的资助下，针对上述问题，开展了时栅位移传感器在动态测量条件下实现高精度高分辨率测量的研究。首先，对提高传感器动态性能的三种方法进行深入分析，结合时栅传感器的工作原理，在测量机理方面增加动测头的数量，，硬件方面利用时钟倍频和时钟分相技术提高时间测量分辨率，软件方面将细分插补算法应用于数据处理，以提高时栅传感器的动态测量性能。重点研究采用软件方法来提高传感器的动态性能。构建了细分插补算法模型。其次，设计了实现该模型的硬件电路，该电路以FPGA为核心，主要包括A/D采样模块、D/A转换模块、放大滤波、显示和USB通讯模块等。构建了高分辨率A/D和高速运算系统。然后，设计了实现该模型的软件，对采集到的时栅感应信号数据进行分析和处理，准确快速地实现了时间差的测量，进而实现位移的动态精确测量。最后，建立了实验系统，对硬件和软件进行了实验调试，实验表明硬件和软件达到了设计要求，与时栅传感器传统的数据处理方法相比，简化了数据处理的硬件电路和软件。目前时栅传感器将激励信号频率从400Hz提高到20KHz，实现了测量分辨率可以达到0.09″。
[Abstract]:Time grating displacement sensor is a new displacement sensor with independent intellectual property rights.At present, the time grating has achieved better precision and resolution in static and low speed measurement applications.However, in high speed dynamic measurement, a new requirement is put forward for the time response characteristics of the time grating sensor. For example, the sampling waveform is not obvious, the waveform has a sharp pulse and so on, which leads to the dynamic error and the decrease of the precision.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the problems existing in the high speed dynamic measurement of the time grating for further improving the measuring accuracy of the time grating and promoting the development of its industrialization.This paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China "Research on Self-calibration and Self-Calibration method of Time-grating angular displacement Sensor based on error conversion", aiming at the above problems.The research of high precision and high resolution measurement of time grating displacement sensor under dynamic measurement condition is carried out.First of all, three methods to improve the dynamic performance of the sensor are analyzed in depth. Combined with the working principle of the time-grating sensor, the number of the dynamic probe is increased in terms of the measurement mechanism.In hardware, clock frequency doubling and clock phase separation techniques are used to improve the time measurement resolution. In software, the subdivision interpolation algorithm is applied to the data processing to improve the dynamic measurement performance of the time grating sensor.Emphasis is placed on the use of software to improve the dynamic performance of the sensor.A subdivision interpolation algorithm model is constructed.Secondly, the hardware circuit is designed to realize the model. The circuit is based on FPGA, which includes A / D sampling module, D / A conversion module, amplifying filter, display and USB communication module, etc.A high resolution A / D and a high speed computing system are constructed.Then, the software to realize the model is designed to analyze and process the collected data of the time-grid induction signal, to accurately and quickly realize the measurement of the time difference, and then to realize the dynamic accurate measurement of the displacement.Finally, the experiment system is established and the hardware and software are debugged. The experiment shows that the hardware and software meet the design requirements. Compared with the traditional data processing method of the time-grating sensor, the hardware circuit and software of the data processing are simplified.At present, the frequency of excitation signal is increased from 400Hz to 20kHz, and the measurement resolution can reach 0.09 ".
【学位授予单位】：重庆理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP212;TP274

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