面向产品工程化的混合动力客车控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 21:31

本文选题：混合动力 + 产业化　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：面对能源紧缺问题，以及越来越庞大的城市交通燃油消耗，寻求发展一种低能耗的技术已是急迫的任务。在这种背景下，融合传统燃油汽车和纯电动汽车优点的混合动力汽车成为当今应用前景最广泛的低排放、低能耗汽车。作为一种新型的多能量源城市客车与其他车辆的运行工况相比，具有行驶工况相对固定、平均车速低、载荷多变、高油耗高排放等显著特点，应用混合动力技术实现节能减排更具现实意义。作为电动汽车的共性关键技术与核心部件，整车控制技术水平直接影响电动汽车整车的动力性、安全性及经济性。目前，国外在电动汽车整车控制器（VCU）开发领域趋于成熟，控制策略成熟度高，整车节能效果良好，控制器产品也通过市场检验证实了其可靠性。国内在整车控制领域与国外还有较大差距，开发多处于功能性开发、节能效果差、缺少足够的测试验证手段以及批量生产管理工具等不足，缺乏面向产品工程化的系统化开发经验。本文的研究工作是克服以上整车控制系统的不足，面向较为紧迫的控制系统产品工程化开发工作，内容涉及整车建模、能量管理策略开发及测试、工况标定，以及整车批量生产时的下线管理，是一个涉及面较广、较复杂的问题。论文全文包含以下六个方面的内容： 1、通过分析混合动力客车整车控制产业化存在的问题，结合查阅大量的国内外文献资料，，梳理了并联混合动力客车控制系统关键技术，确定了论文的研究内容，分析了该问题研究的现状和研究的意义。 2、本文基于商业化仿真软件CRUISE，开展了混合动力客车仿真平台的建模研究，重点开展了CRUISE平台车辆数学建模及处理方法研究，建立了CRUISE-SIMULINK联合的正向仿真平台，为减小仿真与实车的误差，通过与真实试验数据对比分析修正了仿真平台模型从特性及参数，该仿真平台提供了混合动力整车控制及能量管理策略前期验证环境，并为后期的整车性能标定提供理论依据。 3、本文开展了面向工程的混合动力客车整车控制策略研究。在分析整车工作模式的基础上，根据工程约束下的能量管理策略需求，结合产品工程化、模块化要求，在充分分析和研究稳态模式和瞬态模式的能量管理策略基础上，提出了基于规则的多模式分层逻辑规则能量管理策略。 4、混合动力客车系统复杂性导致了整车控制策略测试与验证的难度，为保证混合动力客车在出厂控制系统的可靠性和安全性，本文根据整车控制开发的不同阶段验证需要，开展了从离线仿真、硬件在环仿真、台架试验及整车试验等系统测试与验证研究，满足了产品化控制策略开发可靠性、安全性及开发周期的要求，这些研究为一汽混合动力客车出厂品质提供了保障。 5、本文基于参数模块化和平台化思想，采用基于CAN总线的CCP协议，针对混合动力客车标定需求开发了标定系统。在标定的过程中，采用离线标定（仿真）与在线标定（实车）相结合的先进标定手段，针对实际运行工况开展了大量整车性能标定研究，尤其是针对城市工况解决运行过程中的油耗较高等问题，通过标定取得了较好的效果（以昆明城市工况为例，实现节油5%），此项研究成果推动了一汽混合动力客车产业化推广。 6、根据混合动力客车产品化生产及运行维护需要，开发了功能完备的整车下线检测系统及远程监控系统，所开发的EOL系统大大节约混合动力客车下线时间，提高了生产效率及降低了混合动力客车出厂时的故障率，远程监控系统可以实时监测混合动力客车示范运行状态，提高了面向公交的远程诊断及服务能力。本文是国家863计划电动汽车重大专项“一汽解放牌混合动力客车新型整车技术开发”及“解放牌中度混合动力客车产业化技术攻关”研究内容的组成部分。论文的研究是面向混合动力汽车整车控制系统产品化实践。为进一步提高混合动力客车整车控制策略的技术成熟度，突破国外技术垄断，形成具有自主知识产权的产品核心竞争能力，更好地满足用户的需求并适应市场需要，进而实现其大规模产业化发展提供技术支持。论文的创新之处在于基于模块化、平台化开发思想，采用先进的控制系统现代开发方法，实现了测试环境模型搭建、整车能量管理策略开发、控制策略的硬件在环测试、整车标定系统及整车下线检测系统的系统化开发，同时所开发并实际应用的整车下线检测系统，在混合动力汽车生产管理领域属国内首创。
[Abstract]:Faced with the problem of energy shortage and the increasingly large city transportation fuel consumption, for the development of a low energy consumption technology is a urgent task. In this context, hybrid vehicle integration advantages of the traditional fuel vehicles and pure electric vehicles has become a widely used prospect of low emission, low energy consumption compared to running car. As a new energy source for city buses and other vehicles, with driving cycle is relatively fixed, the average speed is low, the load changing, high fuel consumption high emission characteristics, realizing energy saving and emission reduction is more practical application of hybrid technology.
Electric vehicles as a common key technology and core components, the control technology of vehicle power performance of electric vehicle directly, safety and economy. At present, the foreign electric vehicle controller (VCU) control strategy development mature, high maturity, good energy-saving effect of vehicle, controller products through market test the reliability of the vehicle control. In the domestic and foreign countries there is a large gap between the development in the development of functional, energy-saving effect is poor, the lack of adequate and verification of the batch production management tools, the lack of systematic development experience for product engineering.
The research of this paper is to overcome the shortcomings of the above vehicle control system, the control system of engineering product development work is more urgent, the content involved in vehicle modeling, development and testing, energy management and vehicle condition calibration, batch production line management, involves a broader, more complex problems. The thesis includes the following six aspects:
1, through the analysis of the problems of industrialization of hybrid electric vehicle control, with access to a large number of domestic and foreign literature, combing the key technology of parallel hybrid electric vehicle control system, determine the research content of the thesis, analyzes the present situation of research and the research significance.
2, the commercial simulation software based on CRUISE, to carry out research on Modeling of hybrid bus simulation platform, focuses on the research of CRUISE platform vehicle mathematical modeling and processing method, the forward simulation platform of CRUISE-SIMULINK joint, to reduce the error of simulation and real vehicle, through comparative analysis and real test data correction simulation platform model from the characteristics and parameters, the simulation platform provides a hybrid vehicle control and energy management strategy of pre verification environment, and provide theoretical basis for the calibration of vehicle performance.
3, this paper carried out the research on dynamic mixed strategy of passenger vehicle control oriented engineering. Based on the analysis of vehicle working mode, according to the demand of energy management strategy of engineering constraints, combined with product engineering, modular requirements in the energy management strategy based full analysis and study of steady state model and transient model, is proposed multi layered model logic rule-based energy management strategy.
4, the complexity of hybrid bus system to test and verify the vehicle control strategy to ensure the difficulty of hybrid buses in the reliability and safety of factory control system, according to the different stages of development of the need to verify the vehicle control, carried out from off-line simulation, hardware in the loop simulation, testing and verification of test bench and vehicle test system, to meet the product development of control strategy for reliability, safety and development period, these studies provide a guarantee for the FAW hybrid electric bus factory quality.
5, the parameters of modular and platform based on the idea of using CAN bus based on CCP protocol for hybrid bus calibration needs to develop a calibration system. In the calibration process, the off-line calibration and on-line calibration (simulation) (vehicle) in the combination of advanced calibration, according to the actual operating conditions of a vehicle the performance of the carry out calibration research especially for the city, conditions to solve the operation process of the fuel consumption is high, good results are obtained by calibration (taking Kunming city conditions for example, oil saving 5%), the results of this study contributed to the FAW hybrid bus industry promotion.
6, according to the maintenance of hybrid bus products production and operation needs, developed a line detection system and remote monitoring system of vehicle functions, the EOL system can save the hybrid bus line time, improve production efficiency and reduce the failure of hybrid passenger car factory rate, remote monitoring system can real-time monitor Hybrid Bus Demonstration Operation State, improve the public transportation of remote diagnosis and service capabilities.
This paper is part of the National 863 electric vehicles plan "FAW Jiefang hybrid passenger vehicle new technology development" and "liberation" moderate hybrid bus industry technology research contents. The research for hybrid electric vehicle control system of production practice. In order to further improve the mixing technology of power vehicle the control strategy of maturity, breaking the monopoly of foreign technology, the formation of products with independent intellectual property core competition ability, better meet the needs of users and adapt to the needs of the market, so as to realize the large-scale industrial development to provide technical support.
The innovation of this paper is based on the modular platform development ideas, the control system adopts modern advanced development method, the test environment is built, the vehicle energy management strategy development, hardware in the loop test system of vehicle control strategy, development of calibration system and vehicle line detection system, detection system of the vehicle off the assembly line and the practical application of the production management in the field of hybrid cars is a domestic initiative.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U469.7

【引证文献】