职务发明的奖酬制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 09:07

本文选题：职务发明 + 奖酬权　；参考：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,世界经济增长正快速转变为知识创新导向型发展模式,知识产权正日益成为经济增长的主要推动力,在世界主要创新型国家中,以职务发明为核心的科学技术创新能力、知识产权管理能力日益成为决定国家经济增长潜力和综合竞争能力的关键因素。职务发明的强弱之所以能成为一国发明创新能力的体现,关键在于职务发明制度是平衡单位和发明人、设计人利益的保障,是优化社会智力资源分配的重要手段。建立完善的职务发明制度并非一朝一夕可以完成的,就目前的立法现状来看,包含两个步骤：第一个步骤是立法明晰产权,立法要确立职务发明与非职务发明的区别,重点明晰职务发明认定问题,为下一个步骤的开展奠定基础；第二个步骤是对职务发明的奖励立法,是立法保护职务发明人的智力成果以及予以激励。本文首先通过介绍奖励在专利制度中的特殊地位,为职务发明奖励的立法做理论和历史铺垫。专利制度的诞生可以说是一种激励手段的常规化,一种特殊的奖励,在立法后续的发展中,奖励一直都是专利立法不可或缺的一个重要组成部分。在职务发明立法中,奖励更是成为其立法的两大核心内容之一。之后,本文试从知识产权立法目的、手段以及法理等角度出发,论证职务发明奖励立法的必要性、合理性,寻找职务发明奖励立法的理论根源。在理论论证之后,本文具体介绍我国建国以来职务发明立法的历史沿革,对比美、日、德等科技发达国家的职务发明立法和职务发明奖励制度在这些国家的具体实践情况,从而为我国职务发明立法完善提供一些理论和实践依据。最后,结合上述论证和法律材料,为我国完善职务发明奖励立法提出一些建议。具体来说,我国职务发明奖励权属于知识产权范畴,因而具有财产和人身双重属性。因此,在研究职务发明奖励立法时,尤其要结合人身权利的特征来具体分析奖励立法的权力属性、权利构成、权利奖励程序以及救济途径等方面。文章最后还将结合我国家知识产权局2012年颁布的《职务发明条例草案》(征求意见稿)1的具体内容,为完善我国职务发明奖励制度,激励我国科技发明创新,提供一些不成熟的参考意见。
[Abstract]:At present, the growth of the world economy is rapidly changing into a knowledge-innovation-oriented development model, and intellectual property rights are increasingly becoming the main driving force of economic growth. In the major innovative countries in the world, the scientific and technological innovation capability with the core of job invention as the core is becoming more and more important. Intellectual property management ability has increasingly become the key factor to determine the national economic growth potential and comprehensive competitiveness. The key reason why the strength and weakness of duty invention can reflect the innovation ability of a country lies in the fact that the duty invention system is the guarantee of balancing the interests of the unit and the inventor and the designer, and is an important means to optimize the distribution of social intellectual resources. The establishment of a perfect system of job invention can not be completed overnight. In view of the current legislative situation, there are two steps: the first step is to legislate to clarify the property right, and the legislation should establish the difference between the official invention and the non-duty invention. It lays a foundation for the next step, the second step is the legislation to reward the job invention, which is to protect the intellectual achievements of the job inventor and to encourage them. This paper first introduces the special position of the award in the patent system, and lays the theoretical and historical foundation for the legislation of the duty invention award. The birth of patent system can be said to be a regular incentive means, a special reward, in the subsequent development of legislation, the award has been an indispensable part of patent legislation. In the legislation of duty invention, reward is one of the two core contents of the legislation. After that, this paper tries to demonstrate the necessity and rationality of the legislation on the award of job invention from the point of view of the purpose, means and legal principle of intellectual property right, and to find the theoretical root of the legislation of reward for duty invention. After theoretical argumentation, this paper specifically introduces the history and evolution of the post invention legislation since the founding of the people's Republic of China, and compares the practice of the duty invention legislation and the duty invention reward system in these countries in the developed countries such as the United States, Japan, Germany and other scientific and technological developed countries. So as to provide some theoretical and practical basis for the legislative perfection of duty invention in China. Finally, based on the above argumentation and legal materials, some suggestions are put forward for perfecting the legislation of duty invention award in our country. Concretely speaking, the right of reward for duty invention belongs to the category of intellectual property, so it has the dual attribute of property and person. Therefore, when studying the legislation of reward for invention of duty, it is necessary to analyze the power attribute, the constitution of right, the procedure of right reward and the way of relief of reward legislation, especially according to the characteristics of personal right. At the end of the article, the article will combine with the specific contents of the draft regulations on Job inventions promulgated by the State intellectual property Office in 2012 (draft No 1 for soliciting opinions), in order to perfect the reward system for job inventions in our country and encourage scientific and technological inventions and innovations in our country. Provide some immature advice.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.42

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