微博的著作权侵权问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 03:50

本文选题：微博 + 著作权侵权　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：版权是法律所赋予著作权人对自己作品使用进行控制，从而获取精神和物质利益的权利。技术对版权的影响是不言自明的，甚至可以说版权的发展史就是技术对传播媒介的变革史。作为二十世纪最伟大的发明之一，计算机的产生也在很大程度上改变了人们的生活及学习习惯。人们在对这一平民化的传播媒介津津乐道的同时，也不得不承担着新技术对原有著作权冲击的风险。微博的著作权问题就是网络环境下著作权侵权的一个缩影。作为一个大众媒介的社交平台，，微博以其即时性、分享性、迅速传播等特性成为人们实现宪法上言论自由、信息自由和学习自由的工具，但同时也成为著作权侵权的重镇。自媒体的模式打破了传统媒介作为著作权“守门人”的权利保护模式，著作权人再度陷入“全民侵权”的包围之中。如何利用著作权法的现有规定解决这一新技术所带来的挑战，成为我们应当思考的一个问题,也是本文论证的一个中心。本文采用传统的模式，主要从权利、侵权、救济这三方面来解析著作权在微博这一新型传播媒介中的应用。在权利部分：笔者从微博的产生、发展及自身特点着手，希望在整体上对微博作以简单介绍。通过对著作权法中作品的法定构成要件的阐释，探讨微博的内容是否有必要以及是否有可能获得著作权的保护。在对此问题得出肯定答案的情况下，讨论“小微作品”在权利主体和内容方面存在的特殊性。使人们进一步明确微博作品的著作权。在侵权部分，笔者分微博平台内、平台外两个部分进行论述。在微博平台内，笔者以发表、转发、评论三个微博的主要功能为基础，梳理现有的微博侵权行为；并就附加侵权作品链接的发表行为是否侵权进行判定；以及就“转发”的实质及其合理性依据、转发侵权作品是否可以免责、评论功能是否可以适用著作权合理使用制度等问题展开讨论。在微博平台外，笔者分别讨论了不同的微博平台之间以及交叉媒介之间是否存在“转载”和微博平台管理者删帖行为是否侵权等问题。在救济部分，笔者针对公力救济成本高、举证难、被告难寻等困境和私力救济效果不佳、侵权难止等无奈，提出分别从用户、运营商、司法部门三方面着手，构建相应的微博著作权保护体系。任何技术的发展都具有双面性，人们在享受技术所带来的便利的同时，又不得不对其产生的新问题不断探索解决之道。笔者作为微博的使用者和知识产权法的学习者，希望通过自身的探索，在不断规范微博作品使用秩序中尽自己的绵薄之力，并为互联网微博技术的发展提供相关法律支持。
[Abstract]:Copyright is the right granted by law to the copyright owner to control the use of his works in order to obtain spiritual and material benefits. The influence of technology on copyright is self-evident, even the history of development of copyright is the history of revolution of technology to media. As one of the greatest inventions of the twentieth century, the generation of computer has changed people's life and study habits to a great extent. At the same time, people have to bear the risk of the impact of new technology on the original copyright. The copyright problem of Weibo is a microcosm of copyright infringement under the network environment. As a social platform of mass media, Weibo has become a tool to realize the freedom of speech, information and learning in the constitution because of its characteristics of immediacy, sharing and rapid dissemination, but it has also become an important place for copyright infringement. Since the mode of media breaks the traditional media as the "gatekeeper" of copyright, the copyright owner is once again trapped in the siege of "national infringement". How to make use of the existing provisions of copyright law to solve the challenge brought by this new technology has become a problem we should think about, and it is also a central point of this paper. This paper uses the traditional mode, mainly from the rights, infringement, relief to analyze the application of copyright in Weibo, a new media. In the rights part: the author begins with the emergence, development and characteristics of Weibo, hoping to introduce Weibo as a whole. This paper discusses whether the content of Weibo is necessary and whether it is possible to obtain the protection of copyright. In the case of the affirmative answer to this question, the particularity of the subject and content of "small and micro works" is discussed. So that people further clarify the copyright of Weibo works. In the tort part, the author divides the Weibo platform, outside the platform two parts to carry on the discussion. In the Weibo platform, based on the main functions of publishing, forwarding and commenting on the three Weibo, the author combs the existing Weibo tort, and judges whether the publishing behavior of the additional infringement works link is infringing or not. This paper also discusses the essence of "forwarding" and its rational basis, whether the copyright infringement can be exempted from liability, and whether the function of comment can be applied to the reasonable use of copyright. Outside the Weibo platform, the author discusses whether there are "reprint" between different Weibo platforms and between cross media, and whether the manager of Weibo platform violates the action of deleting posts. In the relief part, aiming at the problems of high cost of public remedy, difficult proof, difficult to find for the defendant, poor effect of private remedy and so on, the author puts forward three aspects: user, operator, judicial department, etc. Construct the corresponding Weibo copyright protection system. The development of any technology has two sides. While enjoying the convenience brought by technology, people have to explore the solution to the new problems. As a user of Weibo and a learner of intellectual property law, the author hopes to do his best in standardizing the use order of Weibo works through his own exploration, and to provide relevant legal support for the development of Weibo technology on the Internet.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.41

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