数控服装裁剪机的开发与空行程优化

发布时间：2018-05-24 17:11

本文选题：数控机床 + 裁剪机　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：数控服装裁剪机在纺织工业的自动化进程中占据着重要的地位，自中国加入WTO之后市场竞争越来越激烈，为了应对日趋白热化的市场竞争以及客户多变的需求，必须全面调整国内相对落后的裁剪设备。因此，研发出具有自主知识产权的高效率、高裁剪质量的数控服装裁剪机，将有利于加强我国服装行业在国际市场中的竞争力。为了提高数控服装裁剪机的裁剪性能和裁剪效率，通过对比国内外数控服装裁剪系统的研究现状以及路径优化现状，本文分别从硬件和软件出发进行裁剪系统的设计和完善，并就提高裁剪效率方面提出了针对服装裁片刀具空行程优化的智能算法。在裁剪系统硬件设计方面，主要包括对裁剪方式和传动进给方式的选取以及裁床床身、裁刀刀具结构、伺服控制系统和抽真空系统的设计。裁剪系统的软件部分由裁剪系统控制部分的设计和服装CAD功能的完善两个部分组成，主要包括确定了NC嵌入PC的数控方案，并选配了其中的PC机和运动控制卡，在此基础上编程实现了控制系统软件。并且考虑到实际需要，在现有的CAD软件中添加了PLT文件与PLTCMD文件（控制系统可识别文件）的转化功能，模拟裁剪功能和裁剪过程实时监控功能。在服装裁剪系统中刀具空行程路径优化问题上，，经过研究得出该路径优化问题的特性，并基于此特性进行了数学建模。考虑到裁片文件自身存在的问题，为了便于后期算法的进行，研制了裁片的预处理功能。通过对路径优化问题的研究并结合对蚁群算法的挖掘提出了密集型多轮廓蚁群算法，后期实验证明了该算法有效的缩短了空行程，进而提高了裁剪加工效率。最后介绍了本文所设计研发的数控服装裁剪系统功能的实现以及整个裁剪系统的加工流程。并总结了本数控服装裁剪系统所取得的科研成果和展望了在未来的服装裁剪系统研制方面有待进一步提升的几个方面。
[Abstract]:NC garment cutting machine plays an important role in the automation process of textile industry. Since China's entry into WTO, the market competition has become more and more fierce, in order to cope with the increasingly fierce market competition and the changing needs of customers. Must adjust the domestic relatively backward cutting equipment. Therefore, the development of high efficiency and high cutting quality CNC garment cutting machine with independent intellectual property rights will help to strengthen the competitiveness of China's garment industry in the international market. In order to improve the cutting performance and cutting efficiency of the NC garment cutting machine, this paper designs and perfects the cutting system from the hardware and software, by comparing the research status and the path optimization status of the CNC garment cutting system at home and abroad. In order to improve the cutting efficiency, an intelligent algorithm for optimizing the blank stroke of garment cutting tools is proposed. In the aspect of hardware design of cutting system, it mainly includes the selection of cutting mode and drive feed mode, the design of cutting bed, cutter structure, servo control system and vacuum pumping system. The software part of the cutting system consists of two parts: the design of the control part of the cutting system and the consummation of clothing CAD function. It mainly includes the determination of NC embedded PC numerical control scheme, and the selection of PC and motion control card. On this basis, the control system software is programmed. Considering the actual needs, the conversion function of PLT file and PLTCMD file (control system recognizable file), simulation clipping function and real-time monitoring function of clipping process are added to the existing CAD software. On the optimization of cutting tool path in garment cutting system, the characteristics of the path optimization problem are obtained, and the mathematical model is built based on this characteristic. Considering the problems of the cutting file itself, the preprocessing function of the slice is developed in order to facilitate the later algorithm. By studying the path optimization problem and combining with the mining of ant colony algorithm, the intensive multi-contour ant colony algorithm is proposed. The later experiments show that the algorithm effectively shortens the empty travel and improves the cutting efficiency. Finally, the function of NC garment cutting system designed and developed in this paper and the processing flow of the whole cutting system are introduced. The research results obtained by the NC garment cutting system are summarized and several aspects that need to be further improved in the future are prospected.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TS941.56

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