纳米技术专利问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 13:28

本文选题：纳米技术 + 专利　；参考：《华中科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳米技术作为一门跨学科、跨产业的新兴技术，是与生命科学、信息技术、能源科学并重的在21世纪具有战略意义的重要领域。纳米技术因为其“底层工具性”特点，已经横跨电子信息学、生物学、动力学、材料学等多个学科领域，对未来经济和社会的发展、国家安全、人民生活质量的提高将产生难以估量的影响。纳米技术作为高投入以及高风险的新兴技术，需要通过法律对其进行有效地规制和保护，其中，最主要的法律保护形式便是专利保护。根据各国的立法实践，虽然纳米技术及其产品已成为各国专利保护的客体，但其仍是知识产权界争议的课题之一。在专利法律制度的框架下，“纳米技术属于发明还是发现”、“纳米技术的不确定性风险”、“授予纳米技术发明专利权的实质条件”、“纳米技术专利客体的排除”都是需要慎重考虑的问题。本文的主体内容主要包括四个部分：第一部分，先介绍了纳米技术的基本概念，，接着阐述纳米技术的应用，总结出其具有“底层技术性”和“不确定性风险”的特征。第二部分，介绍了纳米技术可专利客体的范围。目前，各国对纳米技术的可专利性已达成一定共识。但在纳米技术可专利客体上，仍然存在发明与发现的区分和对涉及伦理道德风险的专利客体排除的问题。第三部分，介绍了授予纳米技术专利权的实质条件。第四部分，首先介绍了我国纳米技术专利的困境，然后针对当前困境，结合我国纳米技术产业化的实际情况，并考虑当代科学技术、经济发展变化等因素，为摆脱困境提出了一些对策：改善纳米技术专利立法，加强纳米技术专利保护；改革专利授权行政机构，提高专利审核标准；构建纳米技术专利池，促进纳米技术专利实施；制定企业专利战略计划，获得关键技术的竞争优势。总之，我们要借鉴发达国家的丰富经验，完善我国纳米技术专利保护体系，促进纳米技术的发展，抢占纳米技术的制高点，同时也要采取积极措施推动纳米技术的产业化进程。
[Abstract]:Nanotechnology, as an interdisciplinary and cross-industry emerging technology, is an important field of strategic significance in the 21st century, which attaches equal importance to life science, information technology and energy science. Nanotechnology, because of its "underlying instrumental" characteristics, has spanned many disciplines such as electronic informatics, biology, dynamics, materials science, and so on, to the future economic and social development, national security, The improvement of people's quality of life will have an incalculable effect. As a new technology with high investment and high risk, nanotechnology needs to be regulated and protected effectively by law. The most important form of legal protection is patent protection. According to the legislative practice of various countries, although nanotechnology and its products have become the object of patent protection in various countries, they are still one of the controversial topics in intellectual property rights field. Within the framework of the patent legal system, "nanotechnology belongs to invention or discovery", "uncertainty risk of nanotechnology", "essential conditions for granting patent rights to nanotechnology inventions", The exclusion of the patent object of nanotechnology is an issue that needs to be carefully considered. The main content of this paper includes four parts: the first part introduces the basic concept of nanotechnology, and then describes the application of nanotechnology. It has the characteristics of "bottom technology" and "uncertainty risk". In the second part, the scope of patentable object of nanotechnology is introduced. At present, countries have reached a certain consensus on the patentability of nanotechnology. However, on the patentable object of nanotechnology, the distinction between invention and discovery and the exclusion of patent object involving ethical hazard still exist. In the third part, the essential conditions of granting patent right to nanotechnology are introduced. The fourth part first introduces the dilemma of the patent of nanotechnology in China, and then in view of the current dilemma, combining with the actual situation of the industrialization of nanotechnology in our country, and considering the factors such as contemporary science and technology, economic development and change, etc. In order to get rid of the predicament, some countermeasures are put forward: to improve the patent legislation of nanotechnology, to strengthen the patent protection of nanotechnology, to reform the administrative organization of patent authorization, to improve the standard of patent examination, to construct the patent pool of nanotechnology, and to promote the implementation of patent on nanotechnology; Make the patent strategic plan of the enterprise, obtain the competitive advantage of the key technology. In short, we should learn from the rich experience of developed countries, perfect the patent protection system of nanotechnology in China, promote the development of nanotechnology, seize the commanding point of nanotechnology, and take active measures to promote the industrialization of nanotechnology.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.42

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