固相缩聚法合成双酚A型聚碳酸酯的工艺研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 23:55

  本文选题：双酚A型聚碳酸酯 + 非光气固相缩聚法　； 参考：《华东理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：双酚A型聚碳酸酯(BAPC)具有良好的机械性能和透光性,作为工程塑料得到了广泛应用；但目前国内产能很小,远不能满足市场需求,且生产技术大都被国外垄断；工业上目前广泛采用界面光气法和非光气熔融缩聚法生产聚碳酸酯,但两者都存在一定的弊端；因此,有必要开发具有独立知识产权的新工艺。本文概述了BAPC的结构与性质、应用领域、产能及市场情况；详述了BAPC的合成工艺和结晶工艺,确定了以碳酸二苯酯(DPC)和双酚A(BPA)为原料进行固相缩聚的工艺路线,以解决熔融缩聚后期温度高、高粘体系传质传热方面的问题。本课题主要从催化剂的筛选、预聚体预处理工艺、预聚体的结晶工艺、固相缩聚反应的程序升温和出料温度等几个方面进行考察,结果表明：以四乙基氢氧化铵为催化剂经熔融酯交换制得BAPC预聚体,然后以二氯甲烷和甲醇分别为溶剂和抗溶剂且两者体积比为1：1处理预聚体并真空干燥2h,固相缩聚最佳出料温度为200℃；经溶剂液相诱导后预聚体结晶度均有一定的提高,但BAPC的品质未能提高；固相缩聚时,对低分子量预聚体采用程序升温并适度提高后期缩聚温度可以有效的提高BAPC的品质。
[Abstract]:Bisphenol A polycarbonate (BAPC) has been widely used as engineering plastics because of its good mechanical properties and light transmittance. The interfacial phosgene process and non-phosgene melt Polycondensation process are widely used in industry to produce polycarbonate, but both of them have some drawbacks. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new process with independent intellectual property rights. In this paper, the structure and properties, application field, production capacity and market situation of BAPC are summarized, the synthesis and crystallization process of BAPC are described, and the process route of solid phase Polycondensation using diphenyl carbonate (DPC) and bisphenol A (BPA) as raw materials is determined. In order to solve the problem of mass transfer and heat transfer in high temperature and high viscosity system after melt Polycondensation. In this paper, the selection of catalyst, pretreatment process of prepolymer, crystallization process of prepolymer, programmed temperature and discharge temperature of solid phase Polycondensation reaction were investigated. The results showed that BAPC prepolymer was prepared by transesterification with tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide as catalyst. Then dichloromethane and methanol were used as solvent and anti-solvent respectively, and the prepolymer was treated with the volume ratio of 1:1 and vacuum drying for 2 h, and the optimum discharge temperature was 200 鈩，

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