土壤冻融信息获取方法及其传感器研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 08:00

本文选题：冻土 + 信息采集　；参考：《北京林业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以我国北方地区的季节性冻融土壤为研究对象,开发具有独立知识产权的土壤冻融信息检测系统,研究冻融数据处理和分析方法,对土壤冻融过程中的水分和温度变化规律进行了初步研究。具体的研究内容如下所示： (1)从土壤水分测量原理出发,结合土壤温度以及深度测量,研发出一种土壤冻融信息测量传感器。传感器集成高速处理器,采用CAN总线进行通信的分布式控制模式,使整个系统更智能。 (2)优化传感器外形设计,采用管式外形,模具化处理,简化了安装、操作过程,降低了对原状土壤的破坏,更适用于野外自然环境下的常期在线监测。 (3)针对土壤冻融信息采集的特殊性,研发了两套数据采集及传输系统,分别在实验室和野外进行了长期试验观测,充分验证了系统的稳定性和实用性,同时取得了大量的实验室测量数据,以及一个完整冻融周期在线监测数据,对土壤水热运移规律的分析奠定了基础,也为相关行业提供了测量工具。 (4)通过在北京市昌平区小汤山实验基地、西安津汇渠试验区以及新疆石河子炮台镇实验基地等地区,一个完整冻融阶段内信息采集,通过实地测量结果分析得出,土壤的温度变化比较缓慢,具有一定的保温性能。在整个冻融过程内,表面土壤相变比较明显而且较快,深层土壤温度变化比较慢,相变过程不明显。根据土壤水热方程以及相关的初始、边界条件,用实验数据对土壤含冰量进行了计算与分析。综上所述,本研究完成了土壤冻融信息获取方法、测量传感器的研发,以及北京地区土壤冻融模型的初步研究,为促进农林业的可持续发展提供了科学技术保障。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the seasonal freeze-thaw soil in the north of China is taken as the research object, and a soil freeze-thaw information detection system with independent intellectual property rights is developed, and the method of data processing and analysis of freeze-thaw data is studied. The changes of soil moisture and temperature during soil freezing and thawing were studied. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) based on the principle of soil moisture measurement and soil temperature and depth measurement, a soil freeze-thaw information measurement sensor is developed. Sensor integrated high speed processor, can bus communication distributed control mode, make the whole system more intelligent. (2) optimize the sensor shape design, adopt tube shape, die processing, simplify the installation, operation process, It reduces the damage to the undisturbed soil, and is more suitable for the on-line monitoring in the field. (3) aiming at the particularity of soil freeze-thaw information collection, two sets of data acquisition and transmission systems are developed. Long-term experimental observations were carried out in laboratory and field respectively, which fully verified the stability and practicability of the system. At the same time, a large number of laboratory data were obtained, as well as on-line monitoring data of a complete freeze-thaw cycle. The analysis of soil water and heat transport laws has laid a foundation for the relevant industries to provide a measuring tool. (4) through the experimental base of Xiaotangshan, Changping District, Beijing, In the experimental area of Xi'an Jinhui Canal and the experimental base of Guotai Town in Shihezi, Xinjiang, the information was collected in a complete freezing and thawing stage. Through the analysis of field measurement results, it was found that the temperature of the soil changed slowly and had certain thermal insulation performance. During the whole process of freezing and thawing, the phase transition of surface soil is obvious and fast, the temperature of deep soil changes slowly, and the process of phase transition is not obvious. According to the soil hydrothermal equation and the initial and boundary conditions, the ice content of soil was calculated and analyzed with the experimental data. To sum up, this study has completed the research and development of soil freezing and thawing information, the development of measurement sensors and the preliminary study of soil freezing and thawing model in Beijing area, which provides scientific and technological guarantee for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture and forestry.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP274.2;TP212

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