上海集成电路企业创新网络研究
发布时间：2018-08-03 11:38
【摘要】：集成电路产业作为国民经济的基础性、战略性产业,是全球主要国家竞相争夺的产业制高点,在制造业体系中发挥着基础性的支撑作用,对经济社会的发展影响深远。上海作为我国集成电路企业最为集中、产业链最为完善、综合技术水平相对最高、规模最大的国家级集成电路产业基地,是在跨国公司的触发下发展起来的,走的是一条先国际化后本地化的发展轨迹。20世纪90年代前期,上海集成电路产业发展极为缓慢,产业技术水平低,直到本世纪初在国际集成电路制造业开始大规模向中国转移的背景下,上海作为我国产业基础最为雄厚,市场化、国际化程度最高的地区,吸引了大批集成电路制造和封装测试跨国公司的入驻,推动了上海集成电路生产制造的迅猛发展,形成了以张江、漕河泾、紫竹、松江为核心的产业集群,同时在技术水平上,技术能级得以极大提升,与国际主流技术的差距逐步缩小,但核心技术和知识产权仍然被跨国公司控制。在此背景下,为应对全球集成电路产业的激烈竞争,打破跨国公司的技术垄断,企业开始突破传统封闭式的创新模式,通过各种正式与非正式的联系构建企业创新网络,与产业链上下游其他企业、大学及科研机构开展创新合作,促进知识的流动和相互学习,共同参与新产品、新技术的研发,以及创新成果的产业化,形成具有动态开放性的新型创新组织。 本文基于经济地理学中的创新网络理论,并采用数据分析法和比较分析法等工具,对上海集成电路企业创新网络的知识来源、网络结构、空间特征等关键问题进行研究。文章首先梳理了学术界关于网络、创新网络、企业创新网络的已有研究成果；对产业集群的概念、演进和基本特征,创新网络的内涵、类型与特征进行了总结,发现本文创新网络是随着创新过程的日益复杂,为减少创新过程中的各种风险和降低创新成本,创新主体之间通过各种正式或非正式的合作关系形成的,依据不同的分类标准可以将其分为不同的类型。在此基础上,本文从联合申请技术专利和国家重大科技专项两个维度刻画了上海集成电路企业创新网络分析图,并对上海集成电路企业创新网络结构进行了深入分析,发现本地企业间开展合作已经成为企业创新网络的主体,是上海集成电路产业提升自主创新能力和全球竞争力的关键,然而外部联系尤其是嵌入跨国公司全球创新网络也是集群获得新知识和新技术的重要来源,在此过程中由留学海归人才组成的跨国技术社区日益成为上海集成电路产业的中坚力量。同时,作为创新网络的重要节点,高校及科研单位由于拥有雄厚的科研能力,在知识生产、扩散过程中扮演着关键角色,是整个网络的关键的知识来源。 国家重大科技专项作为一种自上而下式的创新模式,是国家创新网络的集中体现,而本地企业间通过合作申请专利进行技术研发作为企业自下而上式的创新模式,也是区域创新网络的重要组成部分。论文在研究两种不同视角下上海集成电路企业创新网络的结构特征的同时,还从构建以企业为主体的技术创新体系方面,推动科技成果转化完善企业创新网络方面,以及引进和培育优秀研发人才方面探讨了国家创新网络与区域创新网络的耦合性问题。发现两者共同推动了上海集成电路产业自主创新能力的提升,极大增强了上海集成电路企业的全球竞争优势。
[Abstract]:As the foundation of the national economy and the strategic industry, the integrated circuit industry is the high point of competition for the major countries in the world. It plays a basic supporting role in the manufacturing system and has a far-reaching impact on the economic and social development. As an integrated circuit enterprise in China, Shanghai is the most concentrated, the industrial chain is the most perfect and the comprehensive technical level. The relatively highest, largest national integrated circuit industrial base, developed under the trigger of transnational corporations, is a development track of internationalization after localization in the early 90s of.20 century, the development of the integrated circuit industry in Shanghai is very slow and the industrial technology is low, until the beginning of this century in the international integrated circuit manufacturing industry. Under the background of large-scale transfer to China, Shanghai, as the most abundant, market-based and internationalized area in China, has attracted a large number of integrated circuits manufacturing and packaging testing transnational corporations, which promoted the rapid development of the production and manufacture of integrated circuits in Shanghai, and formed the form of Zhang Jiang, Caohejing, Zizhu, Songjiang. At the same time, the technological level of the core industry has been greatly improved, and the gap with the international mainstream technology is gradually narrowed, but the core technology and intellectual property are still controlled by the transnational corporations. In this context, in order to cope with the fierce competition in the global integrated circuit industry and break the technical monopoly of the transnational corporations, the enterprises begin to break through the transmission. The new model of "closed" innovation is to build enterprise innovation network through various formal and informal connections, carry out innovative cooperation with other enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions on the industrial chain, promote the flow of knowledge and learn from each other, participate in the new product, the research and development of new technology, and the industrialization of innovative achievements. A new type of innovative organization.
Based on the innovation network theory in economic geography, and using the tools of data analysis and comparative analysis, this paper studies the key problems of the knowledge source, network structure and spatial characteristics of the innovation network of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprises. The paper summarizes the concept, evolution and basic characteristics of industrial cluster, the connotation, types and characteristics of the innovation network, and finds that the innovation network is increasingly complicated with the innovation process. In order to reduce the various risks in the process of innovation and reduce the cost of innovation, the innovative owners can pass through various formal or informal relationships among the innovative owners. It can be divided into different types according to different classification standards. On this basis, this paper depicts the innovation network analysis chart of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprise from two dimensions of joint application technology patent and national major science and technology special, and deeply analyses the new network structure of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprises, and finds local enterprises. Inter industry cooperation has become the main body of enterprise innovation network. It is the key of Shanghai integrated circuit industry to improve its independent innovation ability and global competitiveness. However, the external connection, especially the global innovation network embedded in MNCs, is also an important source of new knowledge and technology. In this process, the overseas returnees are composed of talents. The transnational technical community has become the backbone of the Shanghai integrated circuit industry. At the same time, as an important node of the innovation network, universities and scientific research units play a key role in the process of knowledge production and diffusion because of their strong scientific research ability. It is the key knowledge source of the whole network.
As a top-down innovation model, the national major science and technology project is the centralized embodiment of the national innovation network, and the local enterprise through cooperation application patent for technology research and development as the enterprise bottom-up innovation model is also an important component part of the regional innovation network. The thesis is in the study of the Shanghai collection under two different perspectives. At the same time, the structure characteristics of the innovation network of the circuit enterprise are also made, and the coupling problem between the national innovation network and the regional innovation network is discussed from the aspects of building the technological innovation system based on the enterprise as the main body, promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into the innovation network of enterprises, and introducing and cultivating excellent R & D talents. The improvement of independent innovation capability of Shanghai IC industry has greatly enhanced the global competitive advantage of Shanghai IC enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.1;F426.61
[Abstract]:As the foundation of the national economy and the strategic industry, the integrated circuit industry is the high point of competition for the major countries in the world. It plays a basic supporting role in the manufacturing system and has a far-reaching impact on the economic and social development. As an integrated circuit enterprise in China, Shanghai is the most concentrated, the industrial chain is the most perfect and the comprehensive technical level. The relatively highest, largest national integrated circuit industrial base, developed under the trigger of transnational corporations, is a development track of internationalization after localization in the early 90s of.20 century, the development of the integrated circuit industry in Shanghai is very slow and the industrial technology is low, until the beginning of this century in the international integrated circuit manufacturing industry. Under the background of large-scale transfer to China, Shanghai, as the most abundant, market-based and internationalized area in China, has attracted a large number of integrated circuits manufacturing and packaging testing transnational corporations, which promoted the rapid development of the production and manufacture of integrated circuits in Shanghai, and formed the form of Zhang Jiang, Caohejing, Zizhu, Songjiang. At the same time, the technological level of the core industry has been greatly improved, and the gap with the international mainstream technology is gradually narrowed, but the core technology and intellectual property are still controlled by the transnational corporations. In this context, in order to cope with the fierce competition in the global integrated circuit industry and break the technical monopoly of the transnational corporations, the enterprises begin to break through the transmission. The new model of "closed" innovation is to build enterprise innovation network through various formal and informal connections, carry out innovative cooperation with other enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions on the industrial chain, promote the flow of knowledge and learn from each other, participate in the new product, the research and development of new technology, and the industrialization of innovative achievements. A new type of innovative organization.
Based on the innovation network theory in economic geography, and using the tools of data analysis and comparative analysis, this paper studies the key problems of the knowledge source, network structure and spatial characteristics of the innovation network of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprises. The paper summarizes the concept, evolution and basic characteristics of industrial cluster, the connotation, types and characteristics of the innovation network, and finds that the innovation network is increasingly complicated with the innovation process. In order to reduce the various risks in the process of innovation and reduce the cost of innovation, the innovative owners can pass through various formal or informal relationships among the innovative owners. It can be divided into different types according to different classification standards. On this basis, this paper depicts the innovation network analysis chart of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprise from two dimensions of joint application technology patent and national major science and technology special, and deeply analyses the new network structure of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprises, and finds local enterprises. Inter industry cooperation has become the main body of enterprise innovation network. It is the key of Shanghai integrated circuit industry to improve its independent innovation ability and global competitiveness. However, the external connection, especially the global innovation network embedded in MNCs, is also an important source of new knowledge and technology. In this process, the overseas returnees are composed of talents. The transnational technical community has become the backbone of the Shanghai integrated circuit industry. At the same time, as an important node of the innovation network, universities and scientific research units play a key role in the process of knowledge production and diffusion because of their strong scientific research ability. It is the key knowledge source of the whole network.
As a top-down innovation model, the national major science and technology project is the centralized embodiment of the national innovation network, and the local enterprise through cooperation application patent for technology research and development as the enterprise bottom-up innovation model is also an important component part of the regional innovation network. The thesis is in the study of the Shanghai collection under two different perspectives. At the same time, the structure characteristics of the innovation network of the circuit enterprise are also made, and the coupling problem between the national innovation network and the regional innovation network is discussed from the aspects of building the technological innovation system based on the enterprise as the main body, promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into the innovation network of enterprises, and introducing and cultivating excellent R & D talents. The improvement of independent innovation capability of Shanghai IC industry has greatly enhanced the global competitive advantage of Shanghai IC enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.1;F426.61
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