骆家辉在中国大学演讲实录中的礼貌现象探析
发布时间：2019-02-26 20:01
【摘要】：演讲是一项普遍的社会活动,它在人们的交流和沟通中有着十分重要的作用。在演讲过程中,演讲者针对某个话题发表自我见解,畅所欲言,以达到感染甚至启迪现场观众的目的。由于演讲在西方社会生活中的特殊作用,许多西方领导人与政府官员都擅长演讲。他们深谙如何利用演讲方式去表述自己的观点,与听众建立和谐的会话关系,最终得到听众的支持与青睐。 政治演讲作为演讲的一种,自身具有鲜明的特点。为了实现某些既定目标,演讲者还把许多语言策略巧妙地贯穿始终,这引起了学界的广泛关注。在语言学、社会学、政治学等诸多领域,相关学者和研究人员基于不同方向,对演讲语篇进行了深入探讨与研究,取得了许多成果。在语言学领域中,先前的研究主要把重点放在政治演讲中的人际关系、文体选择及所涉及到的语用策略等方面上,而政治演讲语篇中的礼貌现象研究却相对较少。随着语用学的发展,礼貌现象也越来越多地受到语言学家的重视,与其相关的理论成果也越来越多。因此,本文对政治演讲语篇中礼貌现象进行研究,不仅十分必要,而且具有重要意义。 随着国际交往的日益增多,越来越多的外国领导人访问中国。他们中有许多人都在我国一些著名大学发表公开演讲。一些政治家的公开演讲引起了大众的关注。骆家辉是第三位在美国政府担任高官的美籍华人,作为第一名美籍华裔驻华大使以及美前商务部长,同时也是美国最重要的官员之一的他在华发表了很多公开演讲。截至目前,他共在清华大学、暨南大学、北京外国语大学、武汉大学、西安交通大学及中国人民大学发表了演讲。这六篇演讲十分精彩,引起了人们长时间的关注。 在语用学中,礼貌是一项十分重要的研究现象。国内外的许多语言学家从不同角度对此进行了研究,有Grice的合作原则,Lakoff的礼貌准则,Brown andLevinson的面子理论以及Leech的礼貌原则,以及国内顾曰国的适用于中国语境的礼貌原则,徐盛桓对礼貌原则的修正。虽然目前语言学界对这些理论还存在不小争议,学者之间也分别指出了理论之间各自存在的一系列问题,但Leech的礼貌原则和徐盛桓的第三方理论都系统并且详尽地对礼貌现象进行了分析与阐述。因此,本研运用用这两个理论作为自身理论框架。从另一角度来讲,礼貌和语境也紧密的联系在一起。分析本文的语境有助于探讨骆家辉演讲实录中的礼貌现象。作为听者,在语境因素的帮助下能更好理解演讲的真实目的。 本文通过分析具体语境,用礼貌原则和第三方理论研究骆家辉在中国大学的演讲分析,看到礼貌原则中六个次准则在其演讲当中应用。但涉及经济、人权、法律、知识产权等和美国利益相关的问题时,礼貌原则体现的不是特别明显,而一致原则更是很少出现。而在涉及文化、历史、合作、反恐等共同利益的时候,礼貌原则则多元化呈现,有两个甚至两个以上的次准则都能在一句话中体现。在涉及到的第三方当中,美国政府是其考虑最多的因素。这一切都与骆家辉自身的身份有关,美国利益是其考虑最重要的方面,同时在不忽视中国人民感情的基础上最大程度地维护美国利益。从另一方面讲,礼貌现象的大量出现也使其演讲增进了中美关系。
[Abstract]:The speech is a popular social activity, which plays a very important role in people's communication and communication. In the course of the speech, the speaker made his own opinion on a topic to speak freely, so as to achieve the purpose of infection and even enlightenment to the on-site audience. As a result of the special role of the speech in the western social life, many western leaders and government officials are good at speaking. They deeply understand how to use the way of speech to express their views, establish a harmonious relationship with the audience, and finally get the support and favor of the audience. As one of the speeches, a political speech has a distinct character. Point. In order to achieve some of the stated goals, the speaker skillfully runs many language strategies, which has aroused the wide application of the academic circle. in that field of linguistics, sociology, political science and so on, the relevant scholars and researchers have made an in-depth study and research on the speech discourse based on different directions, and made many of them In the field of linguistics, the previous studies have focused on the relationship between the political speeches, the selection of the style and the pragmatic strategies involved, while the study of the politeness in the discourse of political discourse is relatively small. With the development of pragmatics, the politeness phenomenon is more and more important to the linguists, and the theoretical results related to it are becoming more and more Therefore, it is necessary and important to study the politeness phenomenon in the discourse of political speech. with the increasing number of international exchanges, more and more foreign leaders have visited Q. China. Many of them have been published in a number of well-known universities in our country The public speaking of a number of politicians has caused the masses The first Chinese-American ambassador to China and the former U.S. business minister, and one of the most important officials in the United States, has made a lot of public interest in China, the first Chinese-American ambassador to China and the former U.S. business minister. At present, he made a speech at Tsinghua University, Jinan University, Beijing Foreign Language University, Wuhan University, Xi 'an Jiaotong University and the People's University of China. It's a great speech. It's a great speech. It's a long time. It's very important to be polite in pragmatics. At present, many linguists at home and abroad have studied this from different angles, with Grice's principle of cooperation, the politeness principle of Lakoff, the face theory of Brown and Levinson, and the politeness principle of Leech, as well as the politeness principle applicable to the Chinese context. Although the current language circle has a lot of controversy over these theories, the scholars also point out a series of problems in the theory, but Leech's politeness principle and the third-party theory of Xu Sheng are both systematic and detailed to the politeness phenomenon. In this paper, the two theories are used in this research. The frame of body theory. From another point of view, the courtesy and context are also tight. The analysis of the context of this paper is helpful to the discussion of the real record of the lecture. A polite phenomenon. As a listener, a better understanding of the speech with the help of contextual factors Based on the analysis of the specific context, the politeness principle and the third-party theory, the author analyzes the speech of the University of China at the University of China, and sees the six criteria in the principle of politeness. But when it comes to economic, human rights, legal, intellectual property, and other issues related to the interests of the United States, the principle of politeness is not particularly clear and consistent It is very rare, and when it comes to the common interests of culture, history, cooperation, counter-terrorism and other common interests, the politeness principle is presented in a diversified way, and there are even more than two sub-criteria in a single word, in that third party involved, the U. S. government is The most important factor is to consider the most important aspects of the American interests, and to the greatest extent on the basis of not ignoring the feelings of the Chinese people To maintain the interests of the United States. On the other hand, a great deal of politeness has also made it a speech.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H313
[Abstract]:The speech is a popular social activity, which plays a very important role in people's communication and communication. In the course of the speech, the speaker made his own opinion on a topic to speak freely, so as to achieve the purpose of infection and even enlightenment to the on-site audience. As a result of the special role of the speech in the western social life, many western leaders and government officials are good at speaking. They deeply understand how to use the way of speech to express their views, establish a harmonious relationship with the audience, and finally get the support and favor of the audience. As one of the speeches, a political speech has a distinct character. Point. In order to achieve some of the stated goals, the speaker skillfully runs many language strategies, which has aroused the wide application of the academic circle. in that field of linguistics, sociology, political science and so on, the relevant scholars and researchers have made an in-depth study and research on the speech discourse based on different directions, and made many of them In the field of linguistics, the previous studies have focused on the relationship between the political speeches, the selection of the style and the pragmatic strategies involved, while the study of the politeness in the discourse of political discourse is relatively small. With the development of pragmatics, the politeness phenomenon is more and more important to the linguists, and the theoretical results related to it are becoming more and more Therefore, it is necessary and important to study the politeness phenomenon in the discourse of political speech. with the increasing number of international exchanges, more and more foreign leaders have visited Q. China. Many of them have been published in a number of well-known universities in our country The public speaking of a number of politicians has caused the masses The first Chinese-American ambassador to China and the former U.S. business minister, and one of the most important officials in the United States, has made a lot of public interest in China, the first Chinese-American ambassador to China and the former U.S. business minister. At present, he made a speech at Tsinghua University, Jinan University, Beijing Foreign Language University, Wuhan University, Xi 'an Jiaotong University and the People's University of China. It's a great speech. It's a great speech. It's a long time. It's very important to be polite in pragmatics. At present, many linguists at home and abroad have studied this from different angles, with Grice's principle of cooperation, the politeness principle of Lakoff, the face theory of Brown and Levinson, and the politeness principle of Leech, as well as the politeness principle applicable to the Chinese context. Although the current language circle has a lot of controversy over these theories, the scholars also point out a series of problems in the theory, but Leech's politeness principle and the third-party theory of Xu Sheng are both systematic and detailed to the politeness phenomenon. In this paper, the two theories are used in this research. The frame of body theory. From another point of view, the courtesy and context are also tight. The analysis of the context of this paper is helpful to the discussion of the real record of the lecture. A polite phenomenon. As a listener, a better understanding of the speech with the help of contextual factors Based on the analysis of the specific context, the politeness principle and the third-party theory, the author analyzes the speech of the University of China at the University of China, and sees the six criteria in the principle of politeness. But when it comes to economic, human rights, legal, intellectual property, and other issues related to the interests of the United States, the principle of politeness is not particularly clear and consistent It is very rare, and when it comes to the common interests of culture, history, cooperation, counter-terrorism and other common interests, the politeness principle is presented in a diversified way, and there are even more than two sub-criteria in a single word, in that third party involved, the U. S. government is The most important factor is to consider the most important aspects of the American interests, and to the greatest extent on the basis of not ignoring the feelings of the Chinese people To maintain the interests of the United States. On the other hand, a great deal of politeness has also made it a speech.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H313
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 萨本望;布什访华与中美关系[J];w挛胖芸，
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