飞机安装式导管高频感应钎焊技术研究及应用

发布时间：2019-04-11 21:10

【摘要】：飞机安装式导管感应钎焊技术是为了适应航空、航天飞机中导管现场安装而提出的一种特殊工艺，是一种先进的导管连接技术，它适用于空间位置狭窄的安装式导管钎焊，对其深入研究具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。根据我国新型战机和航天飞机生产与研制的迫切需要，对安装式导管感应钎焊关键技术进行了研究，研究了新一代先进的安装式导管感应钎焊技术及其成套设备。在准谐振的情况下，感应加热回路处于工作状态，保证了电路工作环境的稳定性，，采取新型测温的方式、光纤传导二者并存的模式，避免了电磁场对其带来的干扰，保证了安装式导管钎焊的准确性。基于以上技术，研制了具有自主知识产权的安装式导管感应钎焊成套设备。安装式导管感应钎焊温度及温度场分布是影响焊接质量的关键因素。本次研究着重于安装式导管钎焊的特殊性，建立了加热源的有限元模型，并根据这种分析方法对导管钎焊温度场进行了三维数值模拟分析。研制了一台多点同步热电偶测温仪，对导管的温度分布进行了实际测量和验证。模拟结果再现了导管焊接区域的温度场分布，为安装式导管感应钎焊配备适合的测温点、工艺方法；为缺陷的分析、解决提供了良好的理论依据和必要的技术指导。对安装式导管感应钎焊质量的主要影响因素进行了分析，重点研究分析了导管焊接区域温度场分布对焊接质量的影响。导管接头焊接区域的温度场分布不均匀，容易在高温区产生焊瘤和溶蚀缺陷，而在低温区则容易产生未焊透和钎脚未出来等缺陷，是产生焊接缺陷的最主要原因。为了减少焊接缺陷，研究分析了保护气体、感应线圈的缠绕方式和加热曲线等因素对温度场分布的影响。提出了安装式导管钎焊工艺优化方法与措施，改善了温度场分布，大幅度地提高了导管接头的一次合格率和焊接质量。所研制的新一代飞机安装式导管感应钎焊技术及成套设备，填补了国内在该领域内的技术空白，并且在现场进行了大量的工艺试验，完成了相应的技术验证、评审和验收。该设备已在我国重点型号飞机生产线上获得了成功应用，一次焊接成功率高于同类俄制设备。
[Abstract]:The induction brazing technology of aircraft-mounted conduit is a special process to adapt to the field installation of conduit in aerospace and space shuttle. It is a kind of advanced conduit connection technology, which is suitable for the brazing of installation tube with narrow space position. It has important theoretical significance and engineering application value for its in-depth study. According to the urgent need of production and development of new-type fighter aircraft and space shuttle, the key technology of induction brazing of installed conduit is studied, and the new generation of advanced induction brazing technology of installed conduit and its complete set of equipment are studied. In the case of quasi-resonance, the induction heating circuit is in the working state, which ensures the stability of the working environment of the circuit, adopts a new way of temperature measurement, and the mode of fiber conduction is coexisting, thus avoiding the interference of electromagnetic field to the circuit. To ensure the accuracy of the installed pipe brazing. Based on the above technology, a complete set of installation induction brazing equipment with independent intellectual property rights has been developed. The temperature and temperature distribution of induction brazing are the key factors affecting welding quality. This research focuses on the particularity of installed pipe brazing, establishes the finite element model of heating source, and carries on the three-dimensional numerical simulation analysis to the brazing temperature field of the pipe according to this analysis method. A multi-point synchronous thermocouple thermometer has been developed, and the temperature distribution of the duct has been measured and verified. The simulation results reproduce the distribution of the temperature field in the pipe welding area, and provide the suitable temperature measurement point and process method for the induction brazing of the installed conduit, and provide a good theoretical basis and necessary technical guidance for the analysis of the defects and the solution of the defects. The main influencing factors of induction brazing quality of installed conduit are analyzed, and the influence of temperature field distribution on welding quality is studied and analyzed with emphasis on the analysis of the influence of the temperature field distribution in the pipe welding area on the welding quality. The non-uniform distribution of the temperature field in the welded zone of conduit joint is the main cause of welding defect, which is easy to produce welding nodule and corrosion defect in high temperature region, while in low temperature region, it is easy to produce defects such as unwelded penetration and brazing foot not coming out, which is the main cause of welding defect. In order to reduce welding defects, the effects of shielding gas, winding mode of induction coil and heating curve on temperature distribution are studied and analyzed. The optimization method and measures of installation pipe brazing process are put forward. The temperature field distribution is improved and the first pass rate and welding quality of pipe joint are greatly improved. The new generation of induction brazing technology and complete sets of equipment for the installed conduit of aircraft have filled the technical gap in this field in China, and a large number of process tests have been carried out in the field, and the corresponding technical verification, evaluation and acceptance have been completed. The equipment has been successfully applied in the production line of key aircraft in our country, and the success rate of one-time welding is higher than that of similar Russian-made equipment.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：V261.34

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