我国传统知识数据库建设问题的法律研究

发布时间：2019-04-23 12:37

【摘要】：由于生物剽窃导致传统知识持有者所受的损害,即便在经济上可以救济,文化的损失却难以弥补。当今主要的保护模式有两大类:第一类为以现今知识产权制度保护地方社群传统知识的权益,此为积极性保护模式;第二类为通过建构传统知识数据库的模式将各种形式的知识或资讯予以记录,以便各国专利审查员查询,避免不良专利之授予,此类模式称为消极保护模式。研究发现,我们应将发展重点置于传统知识防御性保护措施之上,构建具有中国特色、符合当今我国社会经济发展进程的传统知识数据库。为此,如何做好文献收集与整理等前序化工作,并将传统知识作为在先技术录入,构建出我国传统知识数据库的基本雏形,是本论文探究的价值所在。同时,应当同其他传统知识持有国的数据库进行对比分析,以期为我国传统知识数据库的构建提供具有一定参考价值之法律制度层面的信息。其中,传统知识数据库的模式选择是尤为重要的。积极性保护模式可以赋予传统知识持有者专属的排他性权利,但国际上并没有以知识产权保护传统知识的具体实施办法及案例,因此传统知识的积极保护模式还需要我国通过自主完善,才能发挥巨大的积极作用。而理论依据为在先技术的消极保护模式,其职能为防止传统知识遭剽窃,或避免基于传统知识的创造重新申请专利保护。积极保护模式与消极保护模式二者虽属不同方向,但二者都以知识产权为理论基础,因此二者并不存在传统知识保护上的冲突。笔者认为,我国应当以知识产权法律法规的完善为制度保障,通过对传统知识数据库的具体构建,依法强化传统知识的排他性权利,以期形成积极保护模式与消极保护模式的有序合并。
[Abstract]:The damage to traditional knowledge holders caused by bioplagiarism is irreparable even if it is financially available. There are two main protection modes at present: the first one is to protect the rights and interests of traditional knowledge of local communities based on the present intellectual property system, which is the positive protection mode; The second one is to record all kinds of knowledge or information by constructing the traditional knowledge database, so that patent examiners can inquire and avoid the granting of bad patents. This kind of pattern is called negative protection model. It is found that we should put the emphasis on the defensive protection measures of traditional knowledge and construct the traditional knowledge database with Chinese characteristics and in line with the development of social and economic development in our country. Therefore, how to do a good job of literature collection and collation, input traditional knowledge as the first technology, and construct the basic embryonic form of Chinese traditional knowledge database is the value of this paper. At the same time, the database of other traditional knowledge holders should be compared and analyzed in order to provide some reference information for the construction of traditional knowledge database of our country at the level of legal system. Among them, the mode choice of traditional knowledge database is particularly important. The positive protection model may confer exclusive and exclusive rights on the holders of traditional knowledge, but there are no concrete implementation methods and cases for the protection of traditional knowledge with intellectual property rights at the international level, Therefore, the active protection mode of traditional knowledge also needs to be perfected by our own, in order to play a huge positive role. The theory is based on the passive protection mode of pre-technology, and its function is to prevent the plagiarism of traditional knowledge, or to avoid re-applying for patent protection based on the creation of traditional knowledge. Although the positive protection mode and the negative protection mode belong to different directions, both of them are based on intellectual property rights. Therefore, there is no conflict in the protection of traditional knowledge between the two models. The author thinks that our country should take the perfection of intellectual property rights laws and regulations as the system guarantee, strengthen the exclusive right of traditional knowledge according to law through the concrete construction of traditional knowledge database. In order to form an orderly combination of positive protection mode and negative protection mode.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.4

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