甘蔗种质资源的SSR遗传多样性分析及指纹数据库构建
发布时间：2019-05-29 23:39
【摘要】：种质是甘蔗杂交育种的基础,对甘蔗分子遗传多样性所进行的研究,可为甘蔗标记辅助育种提供基础数据,而栽培品种的分子遗传多样性研究,对甘蔗品种多系布局有一定的指导作用。同时,基于SSR位点的荧光标记获得的甘蔗种质资源分子指纹数据,所构建的一个标准化的甘蔗指纹图谱基础数据库,为甘蔗品种鉴定及知识产权保护,提供科学依据和可靠保障,还可为未来行业标准——甘蔗分子标记DUS指南的制定奠定基础。 (1)本研究在对SSR位点进行多态性筛选的基础上,采用15个SSR荧光标记位点,对181份甘蔗种质进行检测,共扩增出206条条带,其中多态性条带为205条,每个SSR位点可检测出13.67条多态性条带,扩增产物的多态性比率平均为99.39%,表明用于本研究的15个SSR位点多态性好。 (2)基于育种单位的不同,把181份供试甘蔗种质分为湛蔗、CP、桂糖、粤糖、崖城、云蔗、福农、内江、HoCP、ROC、柳城、赣南、闽糖和其他等14个群体,并对上述14个甘蔗群体的遗传多样性进行分析。其中崖城系列的遗传多样性指数(h=0.2049)和香农信息指数(I=0.3163)都是最高的,赣南系列和ROC系列都较低,表明在这14个群体中,崖城系列的遗传多样性最丰富。群体总遗传多样性(Ht)为0.2070,群体内遗传多样性(Hs)为0.1786,而从供试材料的遗传分化系数值(Gst--0.1371)和基因流值(Nm=3.148)来看,本研究所用的181份种质其遗传分化小,导致其群体结构变化的主要因素为人为选择。 (3)基于NTSYS软件分析,得到181份甘蔗种质的遗传相似系数值,,它们分布在0.6553-0.9951之间,平均为0.7713,表明其遗传多样性属于中等水平。基于遗传相似系数的聚类分析,181份甘蔗种质可分成3个类群,7个亚类群和13个小类群,在此基础上,再对181份甘蔗种质进行主成分分析,结果表明他们的遗传多样性属于中等水平；对国家甘蔗产业技术体系第一轮进行共同评价的63个组合所涉及的23个亲本的聚类和主成分分析可以看出,来自同一育种单位的亲本,遗传组成较为一致；对26个参加国家甘蔗品种区域试验的新品种(系)的分析结果可知,整体分布较为分散,表明他们之间的遗传多样性较为丰富。 (4)我们基于15个SSR位点荧光标记分析数据,成功构建了179份甘蔗种质的DNA分子指纹数据库,除了桂糖00-122和桂糖92-66外,其余179份甘蔗种质均能被完全区别开。目前,该数据库是甘蔗上第一个指纹数据库管理系统,而其他国家只建立一些未系统化的分子数据集,并且已能通过模块搜索,实现甘蔗基因型的判别功能。
[Abstract]:The study of molecular genetic diversity of sugarcane can provide basic data for sugarcane marker-assisted breeding, while the molecular genetic diversity of cultivated varieties can be studied. It can guide the multi-line layout of sugarcane varieties to a certain extent. At the same time, a standardized basic database of sugarcane fingerprinting was constructed based on the molecular fingerprint data obtained by fluorescence markers of SSR loci, which was used for the identification of sugarcane varieties and the protection of intellectual property rights. To provide scientific basis and reliable guarantee can also lay a foundation for the future industry standard-Sugarcane Molecular Marker DUS Guide. The main results were as follows: (1) on the basis of polymorphism screening of SSR loci, 15 SSR fluorescent markers were used to detect 181sugarcane germline, and a total of 206bands were amplified, of which 205bands were polymorphic. 13.67 polymorphism bands could be detected at each SSR locus, and the average polymorphism rate of the amplified products was 99.39%, indicating that the 15 SSR loci used in this study had good polymorphism. (2) according to the different breeding units, 181 sugarcane germies were divided into 14 populations, such as Zhancane, CP, Gui Sugar, Guangdong Sugar, Yacheng, Yunzhe Sugarcane, Funong, Neijiang, HoCP,ROC, Liucheng, Gannan, Min Sugar and others. The genetic diversity of the above 14 sugarcane populations was analyzed. The genetic diversity index (h 鈮，
本文编号：2488320
[Abstract]:The study of molecular genetic diversity of sugarcane can provide basic data for sugarcane marker-assisted breeding, while the molecular genetic diversity of cultivated varieties can be studied. It can guide the multi-line layout of sugarcane varieties to a certain extent. At the same time, a standardized basic database of sugarcane fingerprinting was constructed based on the molecular fingerprint data obtained by fluorescence markers of SSR loci, which was used for the identification of sugarcane varieties and the protection of intellectual property rights. To provide scientific basis and reliable guarantee can also lay a foundation for the future industry standard-Sugarcane Molecular Marker DUS Guide. The main results were as follows: (1) on the basis of polymorphism screening of SSR loci, 15 SSR fluorescent markers were used to detect 181sugarcane germline, and a total of 206bands were amplified, of which 205bands were polymorphic. 13.67 polymorphism bands could be detected at each SSR locus, and the average polymorphism rate of the amplified products was 99.39%, indicating that the 15 SSR loci used in this study had good polymorphism. (2) according to the different breeding units, 181 sugarcane germies were divided into 14 populations, such as Zhancane, CP, Gui Sugar, Guangdong Sugar, Yacheng, Yunzhe Sugarcane, Funong, Neijiang, HoCP,ROC, Liucheng, Gannan, Min Sugar and others. The genetic diversity of the above 14 sugarcane populations was analyzed. The genetic diversity index (h 鈮，
本文编号：2488320
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