盐铁官营:流变与反思

发布时间：2017-12-26 21:01

本文关键词：盐铁官营:流变与反思　出处：《求索》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：盐铁官营在于利用垄断而独掌利权,故而成为历代王朝解决财政危机的一大法宝。这种以政治手段将工商业垄断起来的措施,加强了集权主义的力量,却制约了商品经济的自由发展。纵观盐铁制度从"直接专卖制"到"就场专卖制"再到"纲法""票法"的历史演变,虽然市场化运行的成份日渐增加,但政府对盐业的垄断本质并没有变;更有甚者,盐铁专营往往被官僚集团的"内部人"控制,从而成为制造腐败、伤害社会道德的渊薮。唐代刘晏的盐政改革放松管制,并使政府部分退出市场,既可以达到管控经济的目的,又不至于限制民间商业的发展,这或许可以带给我们一些启发。
[Abstract]:The official salt is the use of monopoly rights alone palm, therefore become a magic weapon to solve the financial crisis of the past dynasties. The measures to monopolize industry and Commerce by political means strengthen the power of centralism, but restrict the free development of commodity economy. In the system from the "direct sales system" to "market monopoly" to "Gang" and "the ticket" method of historical evolution, although the market operation of the components is increasing, but the government monopoly nature of the salt did not change; what is more, the franchise is often the "internal bureaucratic group" control, thus becoming the hotbed of corruption, making social and moral damage. Liu Yan of the Tang Dynasty salt reform deregulation, and make the government out of the market, not only can achieve the purpose of economic control, and not limit the development of private business, which may bring us some inspiration.
【作者单位】：华中师范大学马克思主义学院;中国人民大学哲学院;
【基金】：北京市社科基金重大项目“中国传统治国方略研究”(15ZDA48)
【分类号】：F426.82;K207
【正文快照】： 大自然广袤而富饶的山川林海,蕴藏着盐、铁等人类赖以为生的宝贵资源。对于它们的开发和利用,历来都是一个事关国计民生的战略问题。本文试图在阐述中国古代盐铁官营制度历史演变的基础上,揭示其精神实质及“是非曲直”。管仲模式与商鞅模式夏商周三代实行宗法分封制,统治

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