石油化工生产安全建模与仿真研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 20:09

本文关键词：石油化工生产安全建模与仿真研究　出处：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：石油化工企业生产工艺流程复杂、安全事故隐患繁多且分布广泛,日常巡检和半自动化报警已经无法满足生产安全需求。如何充分利用先进的建模与仿真技术来加强生产安全管控已经成为石化领域的研究热点。以往研究大多从工艺生产出发,结合对象生产安全特点建立仿真模型,但这些模型普遍存在复用性和扩展性差的问题,进而导致仿真场景配置局限、仿真软件开发维护困难以及仿真系统应用集成能力差,难以满足工程应用的需求。本文结合石油化工工艺生产和安全事故发展的特点,采取面向对象的建模与仿真思路,开展对石化生产安全建模与仿真领域问题的研究,并开发生产安全仿真系统。首先,在总结石化生产安全仿真功能需求的基础上,提出了一种面向石化生产安全的建模方法,通过对设备生产安全属性和行为的抽取,建立设备单元生产安全仿真模型并以此构建工艺流程生产安全系统模型。然后,从生产过程模拟仿真、工艺流程内在事故仿真、典型危险事故演变与扩散仿真、综合应急仿真等方面论述了生产安全场景配置的实现过程。此外,基于系统集成应用实践的讨论,从数据接口定义、仿真调用机制以及交互界面设计三个方面来阐述了仿真系统与演练过程控制系统集成应用的实现方案。最后,基于文中提出的建模与仿真方法,本文实现了一个芳烃分离装置储运流程系统的仿真应用案例,搭建了工艺流程生产安全系统仿真模型,并通过多场景仿真实验证明了模型的可复用性和可扩展性以及仿真场景的可配置性。然后,讨论了仿真系统的集成应用能力,开发了仿真应急演练集成软件平台,详细阐述了平台功能设计,提供了一种高效率、低成本、多场景的仿真演练方式,可以有效地为现场安全应急提供决策指导。
[Abstract]:The production process of petrochemical enterprises is complex, the hidden dangers of safety accidents are various and widely distributed. Daily inspection and semi-automatic alarm can not meet the requirements of production safety. How to make full use of advanced modeling and simulation technology to strengthen production safety control has become a research hotspot in petrochemical field. Process production. Combined with the characteristics of object production safety, simulation models are established, but the problems of poor reusability and scalability are common in these models, which lead to the limitation of simulation scene configuration. The simulation software is difficult to develop and maintain, and the integration ability of simulation system is poor, so it is difficult to meet the requirements of engineering application. This paper combines the characteristics of petrochemical process production and safety accident development. Taking the idea of object-oriented modeling and simulation, the research of petrochemical production safety modeling and simulation field is carried out, and the production safety simulation system is developed. On the basis of summarizing the functional requirements of petrochemical production safety simulation, a modeling method for petrochemical production safety is proposed, which extracts the production safety attributes and behaviors of equipment. The production safety simulation model of equipment unit is established and the production safety system model of process flow is constructed. Then, the simulation of process flow internal accident, the evolution and diffusion of typical dangerous accident are simulated from production process simulation. The implementation process of production safety scenario configuration is discussed from the aspects of integrated emergency simulation. In addition, based on the discussion of system integration application practice, the definition of data interface is given. Simulation call mechanism and interactive interface design are three aspects to illustrate the implementation of integrated application of simulation system and exercise process control system. Finally, based on the modeling and simulation method proposed in this paper. In this paper, a simulation application case of the storage and transportation process system of aromatic hydrocarbon separation unit is implemented, and the simulation model of the production safety system of the process flow is set up. The reusability and expansibility of the model and the configuration of the simulation scene are proved by multi-scene simulation experiments. Then, the integrated application capability of the simulation system is discussed. The integrated software platform of simulation emergency drill is developed, and the function design of the platform is described in detail, which provides a high efficiency, low cost, multi-scene simulation exercise mode. It can effectively provide decision guidance for site safety emergency.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.72;F273;TP391.9

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