进口投入品质量对我国制造业全要素生产率的影响

发布时间：2018-01-01 12:22

本文关键词：进口投入品质量对我国制造业全要素生产率的影响　出处：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国对外开放已经步入了进出口并重、引进外资和对外投资并重的新阶段,外贸结构的战略转型正在加速推进。受政策影响,之前学界关于贸易对全要素生产率作用的焦点都是在出口对全要素生产率的作用上,因此相关研究较为深入,而进口对全要素生产率的影响一直为学界所忽视,尤其是关于进口投入品质量对全要素生产率的作用机制的研究相对较少。本文以UN Comtrade数据库为基础,利用单位价值法测算出制造业各细分部门的进口中间品和资本品的质量。利用数据包络分析法对2003-2014年间中国制造业分行业的全要素生产率指数进行测算。最后利用面板数据的固定效应模型研究进口投入品质量对中国制造业整体生产率及按要素密集度分类的三类行业生产率的影响。本文可能的创新点在于以投入品的概念囊括了中间品和资本品,更为全面地研究进口决策对制造业全要素生产率产生的影响;突破以往注重进口中间品数量效应、种类效应与价格效应的切入点,对进口投入品的质量进行测算,研究进口投入品质量与全要素生产率的关系。本文实证结果表明,进口中间品质量的升级促进了中国制造业全要素生产率的提升但同时也会带来与研发的替代效应;进口资本品质量升级通过"市场规模效应"和"干中学效应"提升企业全要素生产率,并且提升效果优于中间品质量的升级;中国制造业生产率提升以外部推动为主,内部推动力不足;传统制造业生产率提升缓慢。最后,本文针对结论提出了政策建议主要包括:对中间品进口采取差异化促进政策,要兼顾短期的全要素生产率提升和长期的以自主研发创新为基础的企业可持续发展;提高资本品进口占比,建立资本品进口的"进口、消化、吸收和再创新"一体化政策体系;提高本国的RD投入,进一步增强对进口投入品的技术溢出的吸收能力;继续保持"保量重质"的外资引入政策,建立更为通畅的渠道,放宽投资限制,引导外资流入技术性行业,更好地发挥FDI的技术溢出效应。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's opening up has entered a new stage of both import and export, the introduction of foreign capital and foreign investment and the strategic transformation of foreign trade structure is accelerating. Affected by the policy, before the academic circles on the focus of trade to total factor productivity are in effect on the export of TFP, and related research further, while imports impact on TFP has been ignored by scholars, especially the research on imported inputs quality mechanism of TFP is relatively small. This paper is based on UN Comtrade database, using the unit value method to measure the quality of the manufacturing sector segments of imports of intermediate goods and capital goods the analysis method to calculate the total factor productivity index between 2003-2014 China manufacturing industry by using data envelopment. Finally using the fixed effect model of panel data Study on the quality of imported inputs China overall manufacturing productivity and according to three kinds of factor intensive industry productivity of classification. The influence of the innovation of this paper lies in the concept of inputs include intermediate goods and capital goods, more comprehensive study of effect of import decision of TFP in manufacturing industry produces the breakthrough in the past; the quantity effect of imports of intermediate goods, point type effect and the price effect, to estimate the quality of imported inputs, to study the relationship between the quality of imported inputs and total factor productivity. The empirical results show that the quality of imported intermediate goods upgrading promote TFP China enhance the manufacturing sector but also bring the alternative effect and development; through the "market effect" and "dry" effect to promote enterprise TFP upgrade and improve the quality of imported capital goods, better than The intermediate product quality upgrading; Chinese manufacturing productivity to promote external, internal driving force is insufficient; the traditional manufacturing industry productivity increase slowly. Finally, according to the conclusion put forward policy suggestions mainly include: adopt differential promotion policies on import of intermediate goods, both short-term and long-term TFP by independent research and innovation based on the sustainable development of enterprises; improve the capital goods imports accounted for the establishment of capital goods import, digestion, absorption and re innovation integration policy system; improve the country's RD investment, and further enhance the absorptive capacity of technology spillover of imported inputs; to keep the "quantity quality" of foreign capital policy. The establishment of a more open channels, relax investment restrictions, guide the inflow of foreign capital technology industry, better use of the technology spillover effect of FDI.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F752.61;F424

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