基于煤电企业竞争力的碳税影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 04:25

本文关键词：基于煤电企业竞争力的碳税影响研究　出处：《东北电力大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为世界最大的碳排放国,中国面临迫切的减排要求。电力行业是经济的重要支柱,也是我国能源消耗大、污染排放量高的行业。研究表明,2014年发电行业碳排放占全国碳排放总量的4.1%,约144.26亿吨,且呈现逐年递增的趋势。因此,开展征收碳税对煤电企业竞争力的影响研究具有极为重要的意义。本文主体分为五个部分。首先是文章的理论部分,主要包括碳税与企业竞争力两方面的基本理论。其次,总结了我国煤电企业碳排放总量及趋势的特点,并构建了煤电企业竞争力指标体系,对我国煤电企业目前的竞争力进行了分析。然后,结合竞争力中经济、环境、技术三类属性指标,进行碳税对煤电企业竞争力的影响机理研究,并预期碳税对产量、电价、CO2排放量、能源消耗量四个因素的影响。再次,建立碳税的CGE模型,利用中国2010年投入产出延长表、2011年中国统计年鉴、2011年中国财政年鉴编制宏观和微观社会核算表。最后,借鉴国外碳税征收的经验,模拟10-200元/吨之间的碳税水平测算对煤电企业竞争力的影响。研究表明,征收碳税将降低煤电企业竞争力,并且随着碳税强度的增长,影响幅度逐渐增大。在碳税实施初期,碳税强度较小,对煤电企业的冲击力较小。但是,长远来看,碳税对煤电企业竞争力的综合影响较大,碳税所营造的低能耗低排放的环保氛围更适宜核电、水电企业的发展,当碳税达到200元每吨,煤电企业竞争力下降7.04%。虽然征收碳税能起到减排二氧化碳的作用,有利于煤电企业环境属性竞争力,但是燃料成本的增长直接导致煤电企业竞争力大幅下滑。
[Abstract]:As the world's largest country of carbon emissions, China facing urgent demands of emission reduction. The electric power industry is an important pillar of the economy, China's energy consumption, high pollution emissions of the industry. The study shows that the 2014 power industry carbon emissions accounted for 4.1% of the total carbon emissions, about 144.26 tons, and increasing year by year. Therefore, to carry out the impact of carbon tax on coal enterprise competitiveness has a very important significance. This paper is divided into five main parts. The first is the theoretical part of the article, mainly including basic physical two aspects of carbon tax and enterprise competitiveness theory. Secondly, summarizes the characteristics of China's coal enterprises and the trend of carbon emissions, and construct the evaluation index system of the competitiveness of coal enterprises of China coal enterprises present competitiveness was analyzed. Then, combined with the competitiveness of economy, environment, technology of three kinds of attribute index, the carbon tax on coal Research on the influence mechanism of electric enterprise competitiveness, and the expected price of carbon tax on yield, CO2 emissions, energy consumption of four factors. Thirdly, CGE model of carbon tax, using Chinese 2010 input output extension table, 2011 Chinese statistical yearbook, 2011 China finance Yearbook compiling macro and micro social accounting table finally, learn from foreign experience in carbon tax, simulation of the effects of 10-200 yuan / ton between the level estimates of carbon tax on coal enterprise competitiveness. The research results show that the carbon tax will reduce the competitiveness of coal enterprises, and with the strength of the carbon tax growth, influence the amplitude increases gradually. In the early implementation of the carbon tax, carbon tax intensity the coal enterprise, the impact is small. However, the long term, the comprehensive effect of carbon tax on coal enterprise competitiveness is larger, the carbon tax created by low energy consumption and low emissions of environmentally friendly atmosphere is more suitable for nuclear power, hydropower enterprises Development, when the carbon tax reaches 200 yuan per ton, the competitiveness of coal and electricity enterprises will be reduced by 7.04%.. Although carbon tax can play a role in reducing carbon dioxide emissions, it is conducive to the environmental competitiveness of coal and electricity enterprises, but the increase of fuel costs directly leads to a sharp decline in the competitiveness of coal and electricity enterprises.

【学位授予单位】：东北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.61;F812.42;X196

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