广东省制造业全要素能源效率与节能潜力研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 01:22

本文关键词：广东省制造业全要素能源效率与节能潜力研究　出处：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：制造业是我国经济的主体,是建设工业强国的核心,但制造业也是我国能耗和污染的大户,在消耗大量能源的同时,也给环境带来了许多无法弥补的影响。在土地、劳动力等成本优势逐渐丧失以及更为严峻的能源和环境条件约束下,只有全面推行绿色制造,实现制造业高效清洁和可持续发展,才能使我国真正的成为制造强国。本文首先对广东省能源消费总量和能源消费结构进行描述性分析,结果表明广东省终端能源消费中第二产业是能耗大户,而第二产业中工业又是能耗大户,2005-2014年广东省终端能源消费量中原煤、油品和电力占据了绝对比重,其中电力消费所占比重最大。在此基础之上本文又根据2005-2014年广东省规模以上制造业增加值占广东省规模以上工业增加值的比例来说明广东省制造业的规模并对广东省制造业及其分行业的能源消费进行分析,发现广东省制造业主要消费原煤、油品以及电力三种能源,天然气等清洁能源的使用比例还比较低,2005-2014年广东省制造业能源消费量占工业能源消费量的比重平均为89.91%,说明广东省工业能源消费主要来源于制造业。随后本文从节能的角度出发,运用数据包络分析方法测算了广东省制造业27个行业2005-2014年的全要素能源效率,结果发现,平均全要素能源效率最高的行业是烟草制造业,最低的是医药制造业,本文依据各行业的能源消费量与全要素能源效率,将选取的27个制造业分为高能耗高效率,高能耗低效率,低能耗高效率和低能耗低效率4个大类。从10年间全要素能源效率的变化来看,各行业并没有呈现出趋同性,多数行业10年间的全要素能源效率保持平稳或略有下降,增长速度较快的是石油加工、炼焦及核燃料加工业,下降速度较快的是纺织业和非金属矿物业。其次本文通过DEA-Malmquist指数法进一步研究2005-2014年广东省制造业27个行业的Malmquist生产率变化指数并将其分解为技术效率变化指数和技术进步变化指数,结果发现2005-2014年广东省制造业的生产率变化只在2007-2008年出现了下降,其余年份的都有所提升,其中技术进步对广东省制造业生产率变化的影响较大,而技术效率的作用相对较小。2005-2014年广东省制造业技术效率呈现增长、降低交替变化,而技术进步只在2007-2008年出现了下降,其余年份都是增加的。分行业来看,通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业和黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业的生产率增加较少主要是由于技术进步增长较少导致的,而纺织业增加较少主要是技术效率增加较少导致的。之后本文研究了27个行业的节能潜力,发现能源浪费最严重的是纺织业,其次是造纸及纸制品业,但造纸及纸制品业在2013年和2014年的全要素能源效率都达到了有效且能源投入可调整量都为0,说明针对该行业的节能减排措施已初见成效。最后本文根据以上的分析结果提出了相应的建议。
[Abstract]:Manufacturing industry is the main body of our economy and the core of building a powerful industrial country. However, manufacturing industry is also a major consumer of energy consumption and pollution in China, which consumes a lot of energy at the same time. It also brings a lot of irreparable impact to the environment. In the land, labor and other cost advantages gradually lost and more severe energy and environmental constraints, only to implement green manufacturing. In order to realize the efficient and clean and sustainable development of manufacturing industry, China can truly become a powerful manufacturing country. Firstly, this paper makes a descriptive analysis of the total energy consumption and energy consumption structure of Guangdong Province. The results show that the secondary industry in the end energy consumption of Guangdong Province is a large energy consumption, while the secondary industry is a major energy consumption consumer in Guangdong Province from 2005 to 2014 in the final energy consumption of raw coal. Oil and electricity account for an absolute proportion. On the basis of this, this paper explains the system of Guangdong Province according to the proportion of manufacturing value added over scale in Guangdong Province from 2005 to 2014. The scale of the manufacturing industry and the Guangdong Province manufacturing industry and its sub-industry energy consumption analysis. It is found that the proportion of clean energy, such as raw coal, oil and electricity, and natural gas is still low in the manufacturing industry of Guangdong Province. The average share of manufacturing energy consumption in industrial energy consumption in Guangdong Province was 89.91% in 2005-2014. Industrial energy consumption in Guangdong Province is mainly from the manufacturing industry. Then this paper starts from the perspective of energy conservation. The total factor energy efficiency of 27 manufacturing industries in Guangdong Province from 2005 to 2014 was calculated by means of data envelopment analysis. The results show that the industry with the highest average total factor energy efficiency is the tobacco manufacturing industry. The lowest is the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. According to the energy consumption and total factor energy efficiency, 27 manufacturing industries are divided into high energy efficiency, high energy consumption and low efficiency. Low energy consumption high efficiency and low energy consumption and low efficiency four categories. From the change of total factor energy efficiency in 10 years, there is no convergence among different industries. The overall energy efficiency in most industries has remained stable or slightly decreased over the past 10 years, with rapid growth in the oil processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industries. Textile and nonmetallic mineral industries are declining more rapidly. Secondly, this paper further studies the Ma of 27 manufacturing industries in Guangdong Province from 2005 to 2014 by using DEA-Malmquist index method. Lmquist productivity change index is decomposed into technical efficiency change index and technological progress change index. The results showed that the productivity change of Guangdong manufacturing industry declined only in 2007-2008 and increased in the rest of the year between 2005 and 2014. Among them, technological progress has a greater impact on the productivity change of Guangdong manufacturing industry, while the effect of technological efficiency is relatively small. From 2005 to 2014, the technological efficiency of manufacturing industry in Guangdong Province increased and decreased alternately. Technological progress declined only in 2007-2008 and increased in the rest of the year. Communications equipment by industry. The lower productivity gains in the computer and other electronic equipment manufacturing and ferrous metal smelting and calender industries were mainly due to less technological advances. The increase of textile industry is mainly due to the increase of technical efficiency. Then this paper studies the energy conservation potential of 27 industries and finds that the most serious energy waste is the textile industry followed by paper and paper products industry. However, in 2013 and 2014, the total factor energy efficiency of papermaking and paper products industry has reached the effective and the energy input can be adjusted to 0. It shows that the measures of energy saving and emission reduction in this industry have achieved initial results. Finally, according to the above analysis results, the corresponding suggestions are put forward in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F427;F206

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