中国工业集聚对环境污染的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 02:22

本文关键词： 工业集聚集聚水平环境污染行业集中度　出处：《西安石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：产业集聚一方面通过规模经济、资本及技术溢出效应极大地促进了区域经济的增长,另一方面集聚式的经济增长方式往往会对环境污染产生一定的影响。因此,研究产业集聚对环境污染的影响,为产业集聚的可持续发展提供一定的理论依据,具有十分重要的意义。论文首先利用行业集中度指数对中国工业27个细分行业2004—2014年工业集聚水平进行测算,并详细分析了测算结果,分别选取工业废水、工业二氧化硫、工业烟粉尘及工业固体废物四类污染物排放量来表征环境污染水平,测算结果表明:目前我国工业多数行业的集聚处于中等水平,总体上看,以中高集聚水平为主。接着对工业细分行业四类污染物排放量进行整理计算并分析不同行业不同污染物排放量在时间上的变化情况,发现2004—2014年间工业废水排放量与工业二氧化硫排放量的变化趋同,变化趋势较为稳定,并没有呈现出明显的上升或下降趋势,工业烟粉尘排放量从2004年开始下降,到2010年达到最小值之后变化平稳,2014年达到最大值,工业固体废物排放量则呈现逐年上升的趋势。实证部分基于Grossman模型,建立工业集聚与污染物排放量的实证模型,分析工业集聚对环境污染的影响,研究结果表明:工业集聚与污染物排放量之间确实存在“N”型曲线关系,工业集聚对工业废水排放量和工业烟粉尘排放量的影响均处于“N”型曲线第一个拐点的左侧,而工业集聚与二氧化硫排放量和固体废物排放量之间则呈现出典型的“N”型曲线关系,工业集聚与二氧化硫排放量的两个拐点分别是0.6761和0.7634,工业集聚与固体废物排放量的两个拐点分别是0.6892和0.7962。从我国目前工业集聚水平的发展趋势看,处于“N”型曲线第一个拐点左侧的行业与处于两个拐点之间的行业数量基本持平,工业集聚对工业废水排放量和工业烟粉尘排放量表现出明显的负外部性影响,而对工业二氧化硫和工业固体废物排放量则既有正外部性影响,又有负外部性影响,两个拐点具有十分重要的经济意义。结尾部分对研究结论及政策启示进行概括总结,指出研究过程中存在的不足,并对进一步的研究提出展望。
[Abstract]:On the one hand, industrial agglomeration greatly promotes the growth of regional economy through economies of scale, capital and technology spillover effects, on the other hand, the agglomeration of economic growth mode will often have a certain impact on environmental pollution. The study of the impact of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution provides a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of industrial agglomeration. This paper first uses the industry concentration index to measure the industrial agglomeration level of 27 subdivision industries in China from 2004 to 2014, and analyzes the results in detail. Industrial waste water, industrial sulfur dioxide, industrial smoke dust and industrial solid waste were selected to characterize the level of environmental pollution. The results show that: at present, the concentration of most industries in China is at a medium level, generally speaking. Then the emission of four kinds of pollutants in the industrial subdivision industries are sorted out and calculated and the time changes of the emissions of different pollutants in different industries are analyzed. It was found that the changes of industrial wastewater emissions and industrial sulphur dioxide emissions were similar between 2004 and 2014, and the change trend was relatively stable, and there was no obvious upward or downward trend. The emission of industrial smoke dust began to decrease from 2004 to 2010, then reached the minimum value in 2010, and reached the maximum in 2014. Industrial solid waste emissions are increasing year by year. Based on the Grossman model, the empirical model of industrial agglomeration and pollutant emissions is established. The effect of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution is analyzed. The results show that there is a "N" curve relationship between industrial agglomeration and pollutant emission. The effect of industrial agglomeration on the discharge of industrial waste water and industrial smoke dust is on the left of the first inflection point of the "N" curve. The relationship between industrial agglomeration and sulfur dioxide emissions and solid waste emissions shows a typical "N" curve relationship. The two inflection points of industrial agglomeration and sulfur dioxide emissions are 0.6761 and 0.7634 respectively. The two inflection points of industrial agglomeration and solid waste discharge are 0.6892 and 0.7962.From the current development trend of industrial agglomeration in China. The number of industries on the left side of the first inflection point of the "N" curve is basically the same as the number of industries between the two inflection points. Industrial agglomeration has negative externalities on industrial waste water and industrial smoke dust emissions, but positive externalities on industrial sulfur dioxide and industrial solid waste emissions. There are negative externalities, the two inflection points have very important economic significance. In the end, the conclusions and policy implications are summarized, pointing out the deficiencies in the research process. The prospect of further research is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X22;F424

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