鸦片战争后中国手工棉纺织业的衰落及原因

发布时间：2018-04-25 22:13

本文选题：清朝 + 手工棉纺织业　；参考：《丝绸》2017年09期

【摘要】：在对鸦片战争后中国手工棉纺织业由盛而衰的过程进行梳理的基础上,分别从外国棉纱、棉布的输入,美国陆地棉的引进和中国近代纺织工厂的设立等方面对中国手工棉纺织业衰落的原因进行了探讨。国外机制棉纱、棉布的输入严重冲击了中国传统手工棉纺织业,使手工纺纱业逐步剥离于手工棉纺织业,手工织布业逐渐与农业分离;美国陆地棉的引进种植加速了中国棉花品种的更替,为大工业生产提供大量优质原料;近代纺织工厂凭借新型纺织技术的高生产效率逐步取代手工棉纺织业。在这些因素的共同作用下,中国手工棉纺织业由兴盛逐渐走向了衰落。
[Abstract]:On the basis of combing the process of the rise and decline of China's handmade cotton textile industry after the Opium War, the import of foreign cotton yarn and cotton cloth was carried out respectively. The causes of the decline of China's handmade cotton industry are discussed in the aspects of the introduction of upland cotton from America and the establishment of textile factories in modern China. The import of foreign machine-made cotton yarn and cotton cloth seriously impacted the Chinese traditional handmade cotton textile industry, which made the hand-spinning industry gradually peel off from the hand-made cotton textile industry, and the hand-woven fabric industry was gradually separated from agriculture. The introduction and planting of upland cotton in the United States has accelerated the replacement of cotton varieties in China and provided a large number of high-quality raw materials for large-scale industrial production. Modern textile factories have gradually replaced the hand-made cotton textile industry with the high production efficiency of new textile technology. Under the combined action of these factors, China's handmade cotton textile industry gradually declined from prosperity to decline.
【作者单位】：东华大学纺织学院;
【分类号】：F429;K25

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