制造业上游垄断与企业出口国内附加值——来自中国的经验证据

发布时间：2018-04-29 06:24

本文选题：制造业 + 上游垄断　；参考：《中国工业经济》2017年03期

【摘要】：经过三十多年的改革开放,中国下游最终品市场已基本上实现了充分竞争,但上游行业的垄断程度依然居高不下。本文利用中国制造业微观数据,系统地研究了上游垄断对下游企业出口国内附加值率(DVAR)的影响及其作用机制。结果表明,上游垄断显著降低了下游企业出口DVAR,其中对一般贸易企业和本土企业出口DVAR的抑制作用明显高于加工贸易企业和外资企业。影响机制检验表明,成本加成下降和研发创新弱化是上游垄断降低下游企业出口DVAR的可能渠道。此外,本文基于中国加入WTO所引发的大范围关税减免这一事实,进一步检验了中间品贸易自由化在上游垄断与下游企业出口DVAR关系中的调节效应,发现中间品贸易自由化有利于缓解上游垄断对下游企业出口DVAR的抑制作用。上述结论意味着,打破制造业上游垄断与进一步推进贸易自由化改革,对于提升中国制造业出口竞争力和提高企业出口国内附加值率具有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China's downstream final product market has basically realized full competition, but the monopoly degree of upstream industry is still high. Based on the micro data of Chinese manufacturing industry, this paper systematically studies the effect of upstream monopoly on the export value added rate (DVARs) of downstream enterprises and its mechanism. The results show that upstream monopoly significantly reduces export DVARs of downstream enterprises, and the inhibition effect on export DVAR of general trading enterprises and local enterprises is obviously higher than that of processing trade enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises. The test of influence mechanism shows that the decrease of cost addition and the weakening of R & D innovation are the possible channels for upstream monopoly to reduce the export DVAR of downstream enterprises. In addition, based on the fact that China's entry into WTO has led to a wide range of tariff reductions, this paper further examines the regulatory effect of intermediate trade liberalization in the relationship between upstream monopoly and downstream enterprises' export DVAR. It is found that trade liberalization of intermediate goods is helpful to alleviate the inhibition of upstream monopoly on export DVAR of downstream enterprises. The above conclusion means that breaking the upstream monopoly of manufacturing industry and further promoting the reform of trade liberalization have important practical significance for enhancing the export competitiveness of Chinese manufacturing industry and increasing the domestic value added rate of enterprises' exports.
【作者单位】：首都经济贸易大学金融学院;南开大学经济学院国际经济研究所、跨国公司研究中心、中国特色社会主义协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年项目“贸易自由化对中国企业自主创新及出口竞争力升级的影响研究”(批准号71403135) 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“中间品进口、创新驱动与中国出口竞争力升级研究”(批准号16YJC790114)
【分类号】：F425;F752.62

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