中国制造业劳动力效率损失及其分解:理论与实证

发布时间：2018-05-13 10:48

本文选题：劳动力配置扭曲 + TFP损失　；参考：《财经研究》2017年06期

【摘要】：现有文献在计算中国制造业劳动力配置扭曲所导致的TFP损失时,均没有剔除外部因素的扰动,从而高估了该损失。文章在Hsieh和Klenow(2009)理论模型的基础上,重新定义劳动力配置扭曲导致的TFP损失,在剔除外部因素扰动后,估算出劳动力配置扭曲导致的TFP损失从1998年的9.00%逐渐减少到2007年的7.39%。而现有文献也缺少在企业异质性模型下对TFP损失进行分解,文章将企业按特征进行分组,建立了分组之后TFP损失分解的理论。TFP损失的分解有利于分析TFP损失的构成,为制定相关政策提供参考,该理论不仅适用于制造业还适用于农业和服务业等,具有很强的适用性。文章最后以所有权分组为例分析了我国制造业1998-2007年劳动力配置扭曲TFP损失的构成。研究表明:(1)每个行业的劳动力配置扭曲导致的TFP损失是该行业的劳动力份额、产品替代弹性和劳动力成本产出比对数方差的增函数;(2)行业内各组之间不存在劳动力配置扭曲的条件为行业内各组企业的劳动力配置扭曲程度均值相等;(3)企业按所有权分组后,我国1998-2007年由劳动力配置扭曲导致的制造业TFP损失主要来自于组内,并且该损失在此时间段已经由国有企业和集体企业为主体变成了以其他企业为主体。
[Abstract]:In calculating the TFP loss caused by the distortion of labor allocation in Chinese manufacturing industry, the existing literature does not exclude the disturbance of external factors, thus overestimating the loss. Based on the theoretical model of Hsieh and Klenowan 2009), this paper redefines the TFP loss caused by the distortion of labor force allocation. After excluding the disturbance of external factors, it is estimated that the TFP loss caused by the distortion of labor force allocation gradually decreased from 9.00% in 1998 to 7.39% in 2007. But the existing literature also lacks to decompose the TFP loss under the enterprise heterogeneity model. In this paper, the enterprises are grouped according to their characteristics, and the theory of TFP loss decomposition after the grouping is established. The decomposition of the TFP loss is beneficial to the analysis of the composition of the TFP loss. The theory is applicable not only to manufacturing, but also to agriculture and service industry. Finally, taking the ownership grouping as an example, this paper analyzes the composition of the distorted TFP loss in China's manufacturing industry from 1998 to 2007. The study shows that the TFP loss caused by the distortion of labor allocation in every industry is the share of the labor force in that industry. The condition that there is no labor allocation distortion among the groups in the industry is that the mean value of the labor allocation distortion of each group of enterprises in the industry is equal / 3) after the enterprises are grouped according to ownership, The TFP loss of manufacturing industry caused by the distortion of labor allocation in China from 1998 to 2007 mainly comes from within the group, and the loss has been changed from state-owned enterprises and collective enterprises to other enterprises in this period.
【作者单位】：上海财经大学经济学院;
【基金】：上海财经大学研究生创新基金项目(CXJJ-2015-362)的资助
【分类号】：F249.21;F424

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