欧洲天然气交易枢纽发展经验及其对中国的启示

发布时间：2018-05-27 08:27

本文选题：欧洲 + 天然气　；参考：《天然气工业》2017年08期

【摘要】：我国一直在推进天然气中国价格的建立,先后设立了两个天然气交易所,同时不断开放天然气市场。为了给中国天然气交易枢纽建设提供借鉴和参照,研究并总结了欧洲天然气交易枢纽发展的成功经验。结果表明:①欧洲天然气交易枢纽建设成功的经验包括市场自由化、竞争性的市场、管网的无歧视第三方接入、对居于主导地位企业行为的改革和管制等方面;②另外一些影响因素也非常重要,如国内天然气生产能力、贸易传统、多元化的供应以及市场供应过剩等;③政府推动政策法规变革、监管市场、改革自身的管理模式,在欧洲天然气枢纽的建设中也发挥了重要的作用。结论认为:①相对于欧洲而言,中国面临着既有利也有弊的条件,多源供应、国内生产能力、需求量增长等都是有利的因素,而市场化水平不高、基础设施薄弱、长协合同为主、一体化经营以及供应紧张等则是不利因素;②今后中国的工作重点应该是推进市场自由化、解绑行业以及推动第三方接入;③从微观方面来说,要通过建立交易枢纽、加强管网建设以及统筹发展期货现货市场等措施,在形成交易、期现货市场、价格报告机构和长期合同定价机制转型等方面夯实基础。
[Abstract]:China has been promoting the establishment of natural gas prices in China, has set up two natural gas exchanges, and constantly open the natural gas market. In order to provide reference for the construction of China's natural gas trading hub, the successful experiences of the development of European natural gas trading hub are studied and summarized. The results show that the successful experiences in the construction of European natural gas trading hub include market liberalization, competitive market, non-discriminatory third-party access of pipe network, reform and regulation of dominant enterprises' behavior. (2) other influential factors are also very important, such as domestic natural gas production capacity, trade tradition, diversified supply and market surplus, etc. The government promotes policy and regulation changes, supervises the market, and reforms its own management model. It also plays an important role in the construction of natural gas hub in Europe. The conclusion is that compared with Europe, China is faced with both advantages and disadvantages. Multi-source supply, domestic production capacity and increasing demand are all favorable factors, while the level of marketization is not high, and the infrastructure is weak. The long Association contract is the main factor, while the integration operation and the shortage of supply are the unfavorable factors. In the future, China's work should focus on promoting market liberalization, untying the industry, and promoting third party access. From a microscopic point of view, Through establishing the trading hub, strengthening the pipe network construction and developing the futures spot market as a whole, it is necessary to lay a solid foundation in the formation of the trading, spot market, price reporting institutions and the transformation of the pricing mechanism of long-term contracts.
【作者单位】：悉尼科技大学澳大利亚—中国关系研究院;新加坡国立大学能源研究所;
【分类号】：F426.22

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