碳排放峰值目标下的合同能源管理项目融资风险评价与应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 21:55

本文选题：碳排放峰值目标 + 合同能源管理　；参考：《重庆工商大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2015年12月12日联合国气候变化大会已正式通过了《巴黎协定》,在这个协定里,中国预测二氧化碳排放将在2030年左右达到峰值,并且自主承诺尽早迎接这一峰值的到来。这给节省能源进而减排温室气体的全面布局工作带来了史无前例的挑战。尽管随着节能减排政策的深入贯彻落实,合同能源管理模式已经得到了跨越式的发展。但是由于合同能源管理项目的内在特点,比如,在项目准备前期,投资者需要筹集较多的资金;在投资过程中,他们又需要等待较长的资金回笼时间;在工程落实后,参与者还要应对众多的节能效益分享影响因素等,作为整个项目的关键性筹划者,节能服务公司在此过程中往往承担着绝大部分的融资风险。然而节能服务公司绝大多数都是中小企业,他们整体规模相对较小、缺少抵押担保,这就导致了申请商业贷款的难度相当大。全球范围内的各节能服务公司在实际进行合同能源管理项目的过程中,不可避免地面对同样的问题——融资风险和融资困难。本文针对碳排放峰值下合同能源管理项目的融资风险进行评价研究,主要以项目融资理论、合同能源管理运作模式、合同能源管理项目融资和风险理论为研究基础。本文在分析我国合同能源管理项目融资现状的基础上,探索了碳排放峰值目标对其融资风险的影响。本文的研究重点主要集中在三个方面:一是结合前人的研究成果,并利用工作流程分解法对考虑碳排放峰值目标时的合同能源管理项目融资风险进行识别,发现五个影响因素:节能服务公司自身风险、政策风险、金融风险、市场风险、用能单位风险;除此之外,文章还解构了这五大风险,并分别得到各自的风险子因素。二是根据识别出的风险要素,基于指标的设定原则,建立起指标评价体系,并对指标进行量化分析。三是考虑合同能源管理项目融资风险的特点,选用模糊层次综合评价法合理构建碳排放峰值目标下的项目融资风险评价模型;针对碳排放峰值目标下的某发电公司余热回收节能改造项目进行综合评价,得出其融资风险为中等,依据该评价结果,结合节能服务公司的风险偏好进行项目决策,以期做出科学判断。本文在整个研究过程中,考虑到碳排放峰值目标,对新背景下影响合同能源管理项目融资风险的本质因素进行深入探索。在分析方法上,采用了系统分析、访谈、统计学、案例分析相结合的方法。
[Abstract]:On December 12, 2015, the United Nations Climate change Conference formally adopted the Paris Accord, in which China predicted that carbon dioxide emissions would peak around 2030, and promised to meet the peak as soon as possible. This brings unprecedented challenges to saving energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Although with the implementation of energy conservation and emission reduction policy, the contract energy management model has been developed by leaps and bounds. However, because of the inherent characteristics of the contract energy management project, for example, in the early stage of project preparation, investors need to raise more funds; in the investment process, they will have to wait for a longer time to recover the funds; after the implementation of the project, As the key planners of the whole project, energy-saving service companies often bear most of the financing risks in the process. However, the majority of energy-saving service companies are small and medium-sized enterprises, their overall scale is relatively small, lack of mortgage guarantee, which makes it quite difficult to apply for commercial loans. In the process of carrying out the contract energy management project, the global energy-saving service companies inevitably face the same problem-financing risk and financing difficulty. Based on the theory of project financing, the operation mode of contract energy management, the project financing and risk theory of contract energy management, this paper studies the financing risk of contract energy management project under the peak carbon emission value, which is based on project financing theory, contract energy management operation mode, contract energy management project financing and risk theory. Based on the analysis of the current financing situation of contract energy management projects in China, this paper explores the impact of the peak carbon emission target on its financing risk. The research focus of this paper is mainly on three aspects: first, combining with the previous research results, and using the workflow decomposition method to identify the financing risk of contract energy management projects considering the target of peak carbon emissions. Five factors are found: the risk of energy-saving service company, the policy risk, the financial risk, the market risk and the energy unit risk. In addition, the paper deconstructs the five risks and obtains the respective risk sub-factors. Secondly, according to the identified risk factors and the principle of setting up the index, the evaluation system of the index is established, and the quantitative analysis of the index is carried out. Thirdly, considering the characteristics of the project financing risk of contract energy management, the project financing risk evaluation model under the target of peak carbon emissions is constructed reasonably by using the fuzzy hierarchy comprehensive evaluation method. According to the comprehensive evaluation of a power generation company's energy saving project of waste heat recovery under the target of peak carbon emission, the financing risk is medium. According to the evaluation result, the project decision is made by combining the risk preference of energy-saving service company. In order to make a scientific judgment. In the whole research process, considering the target of peak carbon emission, the essential factors that affect the financing risk of contract energy management project under the new background are deeply explored in this paper. In the analysis method, the system analysis, interview, statistics, case analysis method.
【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F206;F426.61;F406.7

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