页岩气开发项目社会影响评价研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 19:29

本文选题：页岩气 + 社会影响评价　；参考：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：常规油气资源的开发利用已无法保障长期能源需求,页岩气作为非常规油气资源的重要组成部分,越来越受到国家和行业的重视。我国自2009年12月在四川省威远县开钻第一口页岩气井-威201以来,在国家和行业的重视下,我国页岩气产业有了一定的发展。作为国家重要战略资源,页岩气开发项目具有规模大、投资高、环境风险大、涉及行业及利益相关者众多等特点。在页岩气开发决策和实施过程中,投资者和政府往往更多关注项目所带来的经济效益以及页岩气开发潜在的环境风险。随着页岩气产业的发展,人们已逐渐开始关注页岩气开发所带来的社会影响。目前,我国页岩气开发项目社会影响评价在理论研究和实证研究均存在一定滞后,不利于页岩气产业的长期健康发展和项目综合效益的实现和评价。本文首先从理论研究层面对页岩气开发项目社会影响评价相关概念进行了释义,针对页岩气开发项目社会影响评价相关理论基础进行了阐述,包括页岩气开发项目社会影响评价的涵义、特点、作用及原则,为后续研究奠定了理论基础。本文确定了三个方面的评价指标来源:核心来源、重要来源、参考来源,共同构建了指标来源集。利用文献研究和实地调研、系统理论分析、经验分析、频次定量分析四种方法从指标来源集中预选出43个页岩气开发项目社会影响具体评价指标,再通过专家打分从中筛选出40个具体评价指标,经过归纳和演绎,构建页岩气开发项目社会影响描述型评价指标体系和指数型评价指标体系。前者以描述分析为主,由1个综合评价指标、5个分领域评价指标、15个合成评价指标、40个具体评价指标,共四个层次评价指标构成。后者以定量分析为主,是在描述型评价指标体系的基础上建立的,包括1个综合评价指标、5个分领域评价指标、15个具体评价指标,共三个层次评价指标构成。明确以专家咨询和层次分析法确定指数型评价指标权重,经过指标无量纲化处理,利用线性加权和函数法建立了页岩气开发项目社会影响综合评价模型。在此基础上,以四川省威远县为例,通过层次分析法和专家咨询法确定了页岩气开发项目社会影响指数型评价指标体系各指标权重,并利用页岩气开发项目社会影响描述型评价指标体系及页岩气开发项目社会影响指数型评价指标体系分析评价了页岩气开发项目的社会影响。页岩气开发项目的实施,整体上对威远县社会发展产生了积极影响,也带来了一些负面影响和潜在威胁,主要体现在:促进了当地经济发展和产业结构的调整,带动了当地政治文明建设,完善了页岩气产业相关政策,也为自然人文环境带来了一定影响和威胁,促进了当地政府和居民环保观念的改变,有利于当地社会的进步与和谐,提高了居民素质及生活质量。最后,从项目信息宣传、勘探开发技术及设备、自然环境保护、政府利益分配、对社会影响的理解、政策完善等方面分析了威远县页岩气开发存在的主要问题,并对此提出开发建议,为页岩气开发决策和实施提供参考。
[Abstract]:The development and utilization of conventional oil and gas resources has been unable to guarantee the long-term energy demand. Shale gas, as an important component of unconventional oil and gas resources, has been paid more and more attention by the state and industry. Since the first shale gas well in Weiyuan, Sichuan province was opened in December 2009, China's shale gas production has been paid more attention by the state and industry. As an important national strategic resource, shale gas development projects have the characteristics of large scale, high investment, large environmental risk and many related industries and stakeholders. In the process of shale gas development decision and implementation, investors and governments tend to pay more attention to the economic benefits brought by the project and the potential of shale gas development. With the development of shale gas industry, people have gradually begun to pay attention to the social impact of shale gas development. At present, the social impact assessment of shale gas development projects in China has been lagging behind in both theoretical and empirical research, which is not conducive to the long-term healthy development of shale gas industry and the realization of the comprehensive benefits of the project and the realization of the project. In this paper, first of all, this paper explains the concept of social impact assessment of shale gas development project from the theoretical research level, expounds the theoretical foundation of the social impact assessment of shale gas development project, including the meaning, special point, function and principle of the social impact assessment of shale gas development project, which lays a theory for the follow-up research. This paper identifies three sources of evaluation indicators: core sources, important sources, reference sources, and jointly constructed the set of indicators. Using four methods of literature research and field research, systematic theoretical analysis, empirical analysis, and frequency quantitative analysis, the social impact of 43 shale gas development projects is selected from the target source set. According to the price index, 40 specific evaluation indexes are selected from the expert score. After induction and deduction, the social impact description evaluation index system and index evaluation index system of shale gas development project are constructed. The former is based on description and analysis, with 1 comprehensive evaluation indexes, 5 sub field evaluation indexes, 15 synthetic evaluation indexes and 40 synthetic evaluation indexes. The specific evaluation index consists of four levels of evaluation indicators. The latter is based on quantitative analysis, which is based on the descriptive evaluation index system, including 1 comprehensive evaluation indexes, 5 sub domain evaluation indexes, 15 specific evaluation indexes, and a total of three levels of evaluation indexes. Based on the linear weighting and function method, the comprehensive evaluation model of social influence on shale gas development project is established by linear weighting and function method. Based on this, the index system of social influence index evaluation of shale gas development project is determined by the analytic hierarchy process and expert consultation method, based on the example of Weiyuan County, Sichuan province. The index system of shale gas development project social impact description evaluation index system and the index system of shale gas development project social impact index evaluation index system are used to evaluate the social influence of shale gas development project. The implementation of shale gas development project has a positive impact on the social development of Weiyuan County as a whole, and also brought about the development of shale gas development project. Some negative and potential threats are mainly reflected in the promotion of the local economic development and the adjustment of the industrial structure, the construction of local political civilization, the improvement of the related policies of shale gas industry, the influence and threat to the natural and human environment, the change of the local government and residents' environmental protection concept, and the benefit of the local society. In the end, the main problems of shale gas development in Weiyuan county are analyzed from the aspects of project information publicity, exploration and development technology and equipment, natural environment protection, the distribution of government interests, understanding of social influence and policy improvement, and some suggestions are put forward to open the shale gas for the development of shale gas. Provide reference for decision-making and implementation.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.22

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