中国新能源汽车产业的政策变迁与政策工具选择

发布时间：2018-07-10 19:24

本文选题：新能源汽车 + 产业政策　；参考：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年10期

【摘要】：伴随着新能源汽车产业的发展,中国政府有关新能源汽车产业政策也在不断地跟进。梳理相关产业政策变迁之中的内在逻辑,分析政策工具的选择是一项极为重要的任务。本文基于政策框架理论及其分析方法,对有关新能源汽车研究文献进行了分析,将关注重点从政策的评价转到从历史的角度关注新能源政策变迁的推动力上。政策变迁是与其动力因素密切相关的,这些动力因素又总是体现为政策变迁的主导力量。在中国新能源汽车产业的政策变迁历程中,其主导力量或政策制定的主要影响因素不断变化,中国新能源汽车的发展政策也可以分为政府主导、汽车厂商主导和消费者主导的三个阶段。政策变迁体现了政策本身的社会价值。基于中国新能源汽车发展的各种不同政策要素及其相关性,本文发现,在中国新能源汽车产业的组织性政策工具、管制性政策工具、经济诱因性政策工具、信息性政策工具和资源性政策工具这五个方面,经济诱因性工具和信息性工具应该是推动新能源汽车产业的关键工具,组织性和管制性工具只适用于产业化初期,后期应逐渐减少,而自愿性工具在新能源汽车产业市场完善前不提倡使用,在该产业市场得到完善后可以成为政府的选择之一。经过研究发现,在新能源汽车产业发展过程中,政府应注意自身的作用范围,适当处理市场与政府规制的便捷,降低交易成本,提高规制效率,是未来产业化政策工具选择应重点关注的环节。同时,政府必须在政策上致力于技术创新,把通过技术创新推动新能源汽车产业发展作为重要的政策目标。
[Abstract]:With the development of new energy automobile industry, Chinese government policies on new energy automobile industry are following up. It is an extremely important task to analyze the choice of policy tools by combing the internal logic in the changes of relevant industrial policies. Based on the theory of policy framework and its analytical methods, this paper analyzes the research literature on new energy vehicles, which focuses on the change of new energy policies from the evaluation of policies to the impetus of the change of new energy policies from the perspective of history. Policy change is closely related to its dynamic factors, which are always reflected in the dominant force of policy change. In the course of the policy change of China's new energy automobile industry, its leading force or the main influencing factors of policy formulation are constantly changing, and the development policy of China's new energy automobile can also be divided into government leading. Auto-maker-led and consumer-led three stages. The policy changes reflect the social value of the policy itself. Based on the different policy elements of the development of new energy vehicles in China and their correlation, this paper finds that the organizational policy tools, regulatory policy tools, economic incentives policy tools in China's new energy automobile industry, In the five aspects of information policy tool and resource policy tool, the economic incentive tool and the information tool should be the key tools to promote the new energy automobile industry, and the organizational and regulatory tools are only suitable for the initial stage of industrialization. In the later period, the voluntary tools should be reduced gradually, but the voluntary tools should not be used before the improvement of the new energy automobile industry market, which can become one of the government's options after the industry market is perfected. It is found that in the process of development of new energy automobile industry, the government should pay attention to its own scope of action, properly deal with the convenience of market and government regulation, reduce transaction costs, and improve the efficiency of regulation. Is the future industrialization policy tool choice should pay attention to the link. At the same time, the government must devote itself to technological innovation and take it as an important policy objective to promote the development of new energy automobile industry through technological innovation.
【作者单位】：清华大学公共管理学院;山东师范大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家发展与改革委员会发展规划司项目“跨越中等收入阶段面临的风险挑战及应对措施”
【分类号】：F426.471

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