基于SFA的我国电力行业技术效率及其影响因素研究
发布时间：2018-08-28 15:33
【摘要】：随着社会的不断发展,人们的生活越来越离不开电,电力行业作为我国基础性行业之一,与我国国民经济的发展息息相关。自2002年电力市场体制改革以来,我国电力行业取得了显著的成绩,至2014年我国发电量增长339%,发电设备装机容量超过美国,位于世界首位,风能、太阳能等新能源发电比重也不断增加。然而,研究表明我国电力行业整体效率水平仍然偏低,与发达国家差距还是很大。2015年国家供给侧改革启动,新一轮的电力体制改革正在有序进行当中,过去的十多年电力改革到底起到怎样的效果,电力行业技术效率受到哪些因素的影响,之后的改革过程中应该要注意些什么?本文利用随机前沿分析方法,采用我国31个省(市、自治区)2005-2014年电力行业数据,建立道格-拉斯超对数生产函数模型,研究我国电力行业技术效率及其影响因素,检验我国电力市场体制改革的效果并提出相关政策建议。本文第一部分为文章导论,交待本次研究的背景、意义及思路等;第二部分阐述了技术效率理论的相关知识及其测度方法,然后对技术效率研究相关文献进行评述;第三部分从企业层面和行业层面分析了我国电力行业技术效率影响因素;第四部分为实证研究部分;第五部分依据实证分析结果提出相关政策建议并总结本文研究不足及今后研究展望。本文通过测算得出:我国电力行业平均技术效率值为0.67,整体仍处于偏低水平。本文从时间上纵向比较发现电力市场改革以来电力行业效率并没有明显的提高,整体在0.65-0.68之间波动;从地区上横向比较发现各省之间相差比较大,整体上呈由东部地区向中部地区、西部地区梯度降低的趋势。本文从所有制结构、企业规模、环境规制及地区经济发展水平四个方面分析了我国电力行业技术效率的影响因素。结果表明:国资比重与技术效率呈反相关,国有资本过高会抑制技术效率提高;企业平均规模与技术效率呈U型相关关系,只有超过临界值之后我国电力行业才存在规模效应;环境规制与技术效率呈U型相关关系,持续加强环境规制能促进技术效率提高;地区经济发展水平虽然与技术效率显著正向相关,但其影响系数极小。本文最后给出电力市场体制改革的相关政策建议,本文认为产权结构多元化、继续实行“上大压小”政策、持续加强环境规制及协调电力与地区经济发展将有利于电力市场改善。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of society, people's lives are more and more inseparable from electricity. As one of the basic industries in China, the electric power industry is closely related to the development of our national economy. Since the reform of the electric power market system in 2002, the electric power industry of our country has made remarkable achievements. By 2014, the electricity generating capacity of our country has increased by 339%, and the installed capacity of the power generation equipment has surpassed that of the United States, ranking first in the world. Solar energy and other new energy generation proportion is also increasing. However, the study shows that the overall efficiency level of China's power industry is still low, and there is still a big gap with developed countries. In 2015, the national supply-side reform began, and a new round of power system reform is proceeding in an orderly manner. What is the effect of the electric power reform in the past ten years, what factors have affected the technical efficiency of the electric power industry, and what should be paid attention to in the later reform process? In this paper, using the data of 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) from 2005 to 2014, a model of Dogg-Rass super-logarithmic production function is established to study the technical efficiency of power industry and its influencing factors in our country, using the stochastic frontier analysis method and the data from 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) from 2005 to 2014. To test the effect of China's electricity market system reform and put forward relevant policy recommendations. The first part of this paper is the introduction of the article, which explains the background, significance and ideas of this research. The second part describes the relevant knowledge of the theory of technical efficiency and its measurement methods, and then reviews the relevant literature on the research of technical efficiency. The third part analyzes the influencing factors of power industry technical efficiency from the enterprise level and the industry level, the fourth part is the empirical research part; The fifth part is based on the empirical analysis results to put forward the relevant policy recommendations and summarizes the lack of research and future research prospects. This paper concludes that the average technical efficiency of power industry in China is 0.67, which is still on the low side. The paper shows that the efficiency of electric power industry has not been improved obviously since the reform of power market, and the whole fluctuation is between 0.65-0.68, and the regional horizontal comparison shows that there is a big difference between provinces. As a whole, the gradient is decreasing from the eastern region to the central region and the western region. This paper analyzes the factors affecting the technical efficiency of power industry in China from four aspects: ownership structure, enterprise scale, environmental regulation and the level of regional economic development. The results show that the proportion of state-owned capital is inversely related to the technical efficiency, the excessive state-owned capital will restrain the improvement of the technical efficiency, the average scale of the enterprise and the technical efficiency are U-shaped, and only after the critical value is exceeded, can the scale effect exist in the electric power industry of our country. The relationship between environmental regulation and technical efficiency is U-shaped, and continuous strengthening of environmental regulation can promote the improvement of technical efficiency. Although the level of regional economic development is significantly positively correlated with technical efficiency, its influence coefficient is very small. Finally, the paper gives some policy suggestions on the reform of power market system. This paper holds that the structure of property rights is diversified, and the policy of "big power over small" continues to be carried out. Sustainable strengthening of environmental regulation and coordination of electricity and regional economic development will be conducive to the improvement of the electricity market.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.61
本文编号：2209836
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of society, people's lives are more and more inseparable from electricity. As one of the basic industries in China, the electric power industry is closely related to the development of our national economy. Since the reform of the electric power market system in 2002, the electric power industry of our country has made remarkable achievements. By 2014, the electricity generating capacity of our country has increased by 339%, and the installed capacity of the power generation equipment has surpassed that of the United States, ranking first in the world. Solar energy and other new energy generation proportion is also increasing. However, the study shows that the overall efficiency level of China's power industry is still low, and there is still a big gap with developed countries. In 2015, the national supply-side reform began, and a new round of power system reform is proceeding in an orderly manner. What is the effect of the electric power reform in the past ten years, what factors have affected the technical efficiency of the electric power industry, and what should be paid attention to in the later reform process? In this paper, using the data of 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) from 2005 to 2014, a model of Dogg-Rass super-logarithmic production function is established to study the technical efficiency of power industry and its influencing factors in our country, using the stochastic frontier analysis method and the data from 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) from 2005 to 2014. To test the effect of China's electricity market system reform and put forward relevant policy recommendations. The first part of this paper is the introduction of the article, which explains the background, significance and ideas of this research. The second part describes the relevant knowledge of the theory of technical efficiency and its measurement methods, and then reviews the relevant literature on the research of technical efficiency. The third part analyzes the influencing factors of power industry technical efficiency from the enterprise level and the industry level, the fourth part is the empirical research part; The fifth part is based on the empirical analysis results to put forward the relevant policy recommendations and summarizes the lack of research and future research prospects. This paper concludes that the average technical efficiency of power industry in China is 0.67, which is still on the low side. The paper shows that the efficiency of electric power industry has not been improved obviously since the reform of power market, and the whole fluctuation is between 0.65-0.68, and the regional horizontal comparison shows that there is a big difference between provinces. As a whole, the gradient is decreasing from the eastern region to the central region and the western region. This paper analyzes the factors affecting the technical efficiency of power industry in China from four aspects: ownership structure, enterprise scale, environmental regulation and the level of regional economic development. The results show that the proportion of state-owned capital is inversely related to the technical efficiency, the excessive state-owned capital will restrain the improvement of the technical efficiency, the average scale of the enterprise and the technical efficiency are U-shaped, and only after the critical value is exceeded, can the scale effect exist in the electric power industry of our country. The relationship between environmental regulation and technical efficiency is U-shaped, and continuous strengthening of environmental regulation can promote the improvement of technical efficiency. Although the level of regional economic development is significantly positively correlated with technical efficiency, its influence coefficient is very small. Finally, the paper gives some policy suggestions on the reform of power market system. This paper holds that the structure of property rights is diversified, and the policy of "big power over small" continues to be carried out. Sustainable strengthening of environmental regulation and coordination of electricity and regional economic development will be conducive to the improvement of the electricity market.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.61
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