基于分时潮流追踪和概率潮流的输电固定成本分摊

发布时间：2018-09-16 19:08

【摘要】：随着电力体制改革的全面深化,输配电价改革也进入了一个全新的阶段。理顺电价形成机制,通过市场竞争确定发、售电价,输配电价将逐步过渡到按“准许成本加合理收益”原则、分电压等级核定,从而形成完整的电价传导机制,是电力体制改革各项工作中的关键环节。大力推进输配电价改革,能够使电网企业更加专注于电网资产运营和提高输配电服务水平,促进电网企业的可持续健康发展。在新的输配电价机制的制定过程中,要遵循科学、合理、有效的基本原则,同时满足电网成本归集、分摊的精细化要求。自2005年发布的《输配电价管理暂行办法(发改价格[2005]514号)》之后,我国省级电网内部输配电价定价方法及管理办法已经初步形成,但跨省跨区输配电价仍有待深入研究。特高压输电网成本的合理分摊是形成跨省区输配电价的基础,所以研究跨省区电网成本的合理分摊具有非常重要的理论和现实意义。目前部分电力市场化的国家和地区所采用的方法一般都基于邮票法,可操作性较强,但考虑的因素比较单一,在精细化方面略有不足。提高分摊方法的科学性、合理性,主要有两种策略,一是对方法的原始数据进行合理的收集,二是对方法的原理步骤进行科学的规制。基于以上考虑,本文提出了两种分别基于分时潮流追踪和概率潮流的输电固定成本方法。首先,论文提出了考虑多时刻潮流追踪结果的成本分摊方法。方法选取时段内(如一个季度)24时刻的典型潮流数据,对这个24组潮流数据分别进行一次潮流追踪计算,即每个用户对每条线路有24个潮流追踪结果。为了在线路的成本分摊过程中体现峰荷责任的原则,选取24个追踪结果中的最大值作为用户分摊线路的依据。通过IEEE30节点系统进行了成本分摊结果测算,说明了方法能够较好地体现线路成本分摊的峰荷责任原则,并且在一定程度上避免了分摊结果的偶然性。其次,考虑到潮流有一个较长时段内是动态变化的,使用单一的典型时刻潮流进行输电成本难免会带有一定的主观性。论文提出了基于潮流追踪法结合概率潮流思想的输电固定成本分摊方法。该方法对原始数据没有特殊要求,不需要进行典型时刻潮流的选取。其总体思路是,将各节点功率视为输入变量,追踪结果视为输出变量,在已知输入变量概率分布的前提下,通过解析法求得输出变量的概率分布,从而进行成本分摊。采用IEEE30节点系统对此方法进行测试,结果表明该方法能够综合考虑时段内各个时刻的功率数据,最大程度地避免了采用单一时刻潮流追踪分摊输电网成本带来的不公平问题。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of electric power system reform, transmission and distribution price reform has entered a new stage. Straighten out the formation mechanism of electricity price, determine the price of electricity generation, sale, transmission and distribution through market competition, and gradually transition to the principle of "permitted cost plus reasonable income" and examine and approve the level of voltage, thus forming a complete transmission mechanism of electricity price. It is a key link in the reform of electric power system. Vigorously promoting the reform of transmission and distribution price can make the power grid enterprises pay more attention to the operation of power network assets and improve the level of transmission and distribution services, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of power grid enterprises. In the process of formulating the new transmission and distribution pricing mechanism, the basic principles of science, rationality and effectiveness should be followed, and the fine requirements of grid cost collection and allocation should be met at the same time. Since the "interim measures of Transmission and Distribution Price Management [2005] 514]" issued in 2005, the pricing method and management method of transmission and distribution price in the provincial power grid of our country have been preliminarily formed, but the cross-provincial transmission and distribution price has yet to be further studied. The reasonable allocation of the cost of UHV transmission network is the basis of forming the transmission and distribution price across provinces, so it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the reasonable allocation of power grid cost across provinces. At present, the methods used in some countries and regions of electricity marketization are based on stamp method, which is easy to operate, but the factors considered are relatively simple, which are slightly inadequate in the finer aspects. There are two main strategies to improve the scientific and reasonable allocation method, one is to collect the original data reasonably, the other is to scientifically regulate the principle and steps of the method. Based on the above considerations, this paper proposes two transmission fixed cost methods based on time-sharing power flow tracing and probabilistic power flow, respectively. Firstly, a cost allocation method considering multi-time power flow tracking results is proposed. Methods the typical power flow data of 24 hours in a period of time (such as a quarter) were selected, and the 24 sets of power flow data were calculated once, that is, each user has 24 power flow tracing results for each line. In order to reflect the principle of peak load responsibility in the process of line cost allocation, the maximum value of 24 tracking results is selected as the basis for the user to allocate the line. The cost allocation results are calculated by IEEE30 node system, which shows that the method can better reflect the principle of peak load liability of line cost allocation, and to some extent avoid the contingency of the allocation results. Secondly, considering that the power flow is dynamic in a long period of time, it is inevitable that the transmission cost of a single typical time flow will be subjective. In this paper, a method of transmission fixed cost allocation based on power flow tracing and probabilistic power flow is proposed. This method has no special requirements for the original data, and it does not need to select the power flow at typical time. The general idea is that the power of each node is regarded as the input variable and the tracing result is regarded as the output variable. On the premise of known probability distribution of the input variable, the probability distribution of the output variable is obtained by analytic method, and the cost is apportioned. The IEEE30 node system is used to test this method. The results show that the method can synthetically consider the power data at each time during the period, and avoid the unfair problem caused by the single time power flow tracking to apportion the transmission network cost to the maximum extent.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.61

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