我国风电产业发展中的政府作用研究
发布时间：2018-10-31 17:31
【摘要】：能源是人类生存和社会发展的基础性资源。它既是自然资源,也是战略和政治资源。当前中国面临的能源安全和环境保护问题日益突出,风力发电作为新能源中技术最成熟、资源开发条件和商业化发展最好的能源供给方式,越来越受到重视。但是,受限于资源分布和技术原因,与传统能源相比,风电电力成本在电力市场中不具竞争优势,如果没有政府的扶持,风力发电在当前的电力市场中没有竞争力。文章从风电产业中政府发挥作用的途径出发,将政府作用分为经济调节与政府监管两个方面,在此基础上分析了我国政府为促进风电产业发展所采取的措施和在这些措施作用下风电产业的发展现状。通过对现有举措及发展现状的分析,发现我国政府在风电产业的发展上还存在着许多问题:第一,风电利益集团出于对自身利益的诉求,会想尽办法影响政府作用,使其朝着对自己有利的方向发展;第二,由于我国目前的政绩考核机制过分注重数量的增加而忽视质量的提升,使得地方政府为获取政治资本或政策性租金而与中央政府进行博弈,阻碍了风电产业的健康发展;第三,由于目前我国在风电产业方面政策法规的不完善,导致了产业发展无序混乱的局面。此外本文归纳了发达国家丹麦、美国、德国、西班牙等国家在促进风电产业发展方面的政府作用,以期对我国风电产业发展有所启示。最后,对促进我国风电产业发展提出政府作用的建议,政府应充分发挥市场机制作用,改变以GDP为主要考核指标的考核标准,充分发挥地方政府的协调作用,促进政府政务公开,并提高风电自主创新与技术水平;宏观层面要明确风电发展目标,制定科学的发展规划,完善法律法规,加强风电产业发展保障工作,加大科研投资解决技术问题,同时均衡各方利益,促进风电产业持续健康发展。
[Abstract]:Energy is the basic resource for human survival and social development. It is not only natural resources, but also strategic and political resources. At present, the problems of energy security and environmental protection are becoming more and more prominent in China. Wind power generation, as the most mature technology in new energy, the best energy supply mode for resource development and commercial development, has been paid more and more attention to. However, limited by the distribution of resources and technical reasons, compared with traditional energy, wind power costs do not have a competitive advantage in the electricity market. Without the support of the government, wind power generation is not competitive in the current electricity market. Based on the ways of government playing a role in wind power industry, the paper divides the role of government into two aspects: economic regulation and government supervision. On this basis, the measures taken by our government to promote the development of wind power industry and the current situation of wind power industry development under the action of these measures are analyzed. Through the analysis of the existing measures and the current situation of development, it is found that there are still many problems in the development of wind power industry in our country. First, the wind power interest groups will try their best to influence the role of the government out of their own interests. To move in a direction that is beneficial to oneself; Second, the current performance assessment mechanism of our country pays too much attention to the increase of quantity and neglects the improvement of quality, which makes the local government play games with the central government in order to obtain political capital or policy rent, which hinders the healthy development of wind power industry. Third, due to the imperfect policies and regulations in wind power industry, it leads to the disorder of industrial development. In addition, this paper summarizes the government role of developed countries, such as Denmark, the United States, Germany and Spain, in promoting the development of wind power industry in order to enlighten the development of wind power industry in China. Finally, in order to promote the development of wind power industry in China, the government should give full play to the role of market mechanism, change the assessment standard with GDP as the main assessment index, and give full play to the coordinating role of local governments. To promote the openness of government affairs and improve the independent innovation and technical level of wind power; At the macro level, it is necessary to make clear the development goals of wind power, formulate scientific development plans, perfect laws and regulations, strengthen the work of ensuring the development of wind power industry, increase investment in scientific research to solve technical problems, and balance the interests of all parties at the same time. Promote the sustainable and healthy development of wind power industry.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.61;D630
本文编号：2303038
[Abstract]:Energy is the basic resource for human survival and social development. It is not only natural resources, but also strategic and political resources. At present, the problems of energy security and environmental protection are becoming more and more prominent in China. Wind power generation, as the most mature technology in new energy, the best energy supply mode for resource development and commercial development, has been paid more and more attention to. However, limited by the distribution of resources and technical reasons, compared with traditional energy, wind power costs do not have a competitive advantage in the electricity market. Without the support of the government, wind power generation is not competitive in the current electricity market. Based on the ways of government playing a role in wind power industry, the paper divides the role of government into two aspects: economic regulation and government supervision. On this basis, the measures taken by our government to promote the development of wind power industry and the current situation of wind power industry development under the action of these measures are analyzed. Through the analysis of the existing measures and the current situation of development, it is found that there are still many problems in the development of wind power industry in our country. First, the wind power interest groups will try their best to influence the role of the government out of their own interests. To move in a direction that is beneficial to oneself; Second, the current performance assessment mechanism of our country pays too much attention to the increase of quantity and neglects the improvement of quality, which makes the local government play games with the central government in order to obtain political capital or policy rent, which hinders the healthy development of wind power industry. Third, due to the imperfect policies and regulations in wind power industry, it leads to the disorder of industrial development. In addition, this paper summarizes the government role of developed countries, such as Denmark, the United States, Germany and Spain, in promoting the development of wind power industry in order to enlighten the development of wind power industry in China. Finally, in order to promote the development of wind power industry in China, the government should give full play to the role of market mechanism, change the assessment standard with GDP as the main assessment index, and give full play to the coordinating role of local governments. To promote the openness of government affairs and improve the independent innovation and technical level of wind power; At the macro level, it is necessary to make clear the development goals of wind power, formulate scientific development plans, perfect laws and regulations, strengthen the work of ensuring the development of wind power industry, increase investment in scientific research to solve technical problems, and balance the interests of all parties at the same time. Promote the sustainable and healthy development of wind power industry.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.61;D630
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