市场集中度、产权结构与制造业产能过剩

发布时间：2018-10-31 20:25

【摘要】：产能过剩是我国长期面临的经济问题之一。过低的产能利用率导致资源的严重浪费,并阻碍产业转型升级。产能过剩的成因是多方面的,需求的剧烈波动、政府的不当干预、市场失灵都可能导致产能过剩的出现。研究产能过剩的形成机理可以更好的化解产能过剩。市场化是我国经济体制改革的主要方向,研究市场因素对产能过剩的影响机制有重要意义。已有文献多从市场失灵及地方政府干预市场的角度研究产能过剩,较少涉及产权因素,而我国市场结构的变化很大程度上是因为产权结构变动引起的。因此,有必要研究市场结构、产权结构与产能过剩之间的关系。本文着重研究市场集中度、产权结构与产能过剩三者的相互关系。首先通过对已有研究文献的梳理,总结出导致产能过剩现象的几大主要因素。其次在已有研究基础上,通过理论分析,明确了市场集中度、产权结构与产能利用率三者间的传导机制。最后借鉴已有产能利用率的计算方法,对我国2001-2014年间的制造业产能利用率进行了计算,并利用得到的产能利用率数据对27个产业进行实证分析。研究发现:国有产权占比与产能利用率负相关,国有产权占比过高是产能过剩的主要原因,降低国有产权比重是提升产能利用率的有效方法;市场集中度与产能利用率负相关,说明市场集中度的提高并没有对技术创新产生影响,这主要是由于政策干预以及地方政府的干预引起的;市场集中度与国有产权占比的综合效应短期内有利于产能利用率的提高,但这是以创新停滞及市场低效为代价的,而创新停滞与市场低效在长期内会导致严重产能过剩,因此不建议通过提升市场集中度或国有产权占比来提升产能利用率。
[Abstract]:Overcapacity is one of the economic problems that our country faces for a long time. Too low capacity utilization rate leads to serious waste of resources and hinders industrial transformation and upgrading. There are many causes of overcapacity, such as violent fluctuation of demand, improper government intervention and market malfunction, all of which may lead to overcapacity. Research on the formation mechanism of overcapacity can better resolve overcapacity. Marketization is the main direction of economic system reform in China. It is of great significance to study the influence mechanism of market factors on overcapacity. Many literatures have studied overcapacity from the perspective of market failure and local government intervention in the market, less of which involves property rights, and the change of market structure in China is largely caused by the change of property rights structure. Therefore, it is necessary to study the relationship between market structure, property right structure and overcapacity. This paper focuses on the relationship among market concentration, property structure and overcapacity. Firstly, the main factors leading to overcapacity are summarized by combing the existing literatures. Secondly, on the basis of existing research and theoretical analysis, the transmission mechanism between market concentration, property right structure and productivity utilization ratio is clarified. Finally, using the existing calculation methods for capacity utilization, the manufacturing capacity utilization ratio in China from 2001 to 2014 is calculated, and 27 industries are empirically analyzed by using the available capacity utilization data. It is found that the proportion of state-owned property rights is negatively related to the utilization rate of production capacity, the high proportion of state-owned property rights is the main cause of overcapacity, and the effective method to improve the utilization ratio of capacity is to reduce the proportion of state-owned property rights. The negative correlation between market concentration and capacity utilization ratio indicates that the increase of market concentration has no effect on technological innovation, which is mainly caused by policy intervention and local government intervention. The comprehensive effect of market concentration and the proportion of state-owned property rights is beneficial to the improvement of capacity utilization rate in the short term, but this is at the cost of innovation stagnation and market inefficiency, and innovation stagnation and market inefficiency will lead to serious overcapacity in the long run. Therefore, it is not recommended to increase capacity utilization by increasing market concentration or the proportion of state-owned property rights.
【学位授予单位】：兰州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F424

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