德国能源转向政策研究
发布时间：2018-11-11 18:06
【摘要】：德国能源政策是根据其自身能源利用的特点、国际能源市场的供应而制定的。2010年~2011年德国能源政策发生深刻变化,联邦政府做出退出核能、进行“能源转向”的重大决定。进一步大力推进可再生能源的利用和技术研究成为德国能源政策的重点之一。本文分析了2011年6月德国政府做出能源转向政策至2012年年底该政策的现状、实施及存在的问题。同时对德国可再生能源政策的内容和影响进行了详细梳理,分析了这些措施的作用以及可能给德国未来可再生能源的发展带来的影响。2014年12月公布了首个《能源转向进展报告》和两个行动计划——《2020气候保护行动计划》与《2014国家能效行动计划》。德国的能源转向旨在将传统的以化石能源和核能为基础的能源供应体系转向以可再生能源为基础的能源体系。这一转向的最新表述集中体现在2011年日本福岛核事故发生之后德国政府陆续出台的能源转向方案中。该方案确定德国将在2022年前完全淘汰核能,并明确了直至2050年的能源目标。从目前的进展来看,德国能源转向正在有序推进,而面临的主要挑战在于不同目标之间存在着潜在冲突以及过早“弃核”带来的问题。德国能源转向的目的不仅是为了确保能源供应的安全和可持续,还试图引领以能效和可再生能源开发为主的新一轮竞争,从而助推德国经济,确保德国核心竞争力的提升。本文计划以该报告为样本,对德国能源转向政策的发展的阶段性成果进行简要评述,并由此得出对我国能源转型的启示与借鉴。
[Abstract]:Germany's energy policy is formulated according to its own characteristics of energy utilization and the supply of international energy market. The German energy policy has undergone profound changes from 2010 to 2011, and the federal government has made a major decision to withdraw from nuclear energy and carry out "energy conversion". Further promoting the use of renewable energy and technology research has become one of the priorities of German energy policy. This paper analyzes the current situation, implementation and existing problems of the energy conversion policy made by the German government in June 2011 to the end of 2012. At the same time, the content and influence of Germany's renewable energy policy are combed out in detail. The effects of these measures and their possible impact on the future development of renewable energy in Germany were analysed. In December 2014, the first Progress report on Energy conversion and two action plans, < 2020 Action Plan for Climate Protection, were published. With the National Energy efficiency Action Plan 2014. Germany's energy shift is aimed at shifting the traditional fossil and nuclear energy supply system to one based on renewable energy. The latest version of the shift is reflected in the German government's energy diversion plan, which followed the 2011 Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan. The plan establishes that Germany will completely phase out nuclear energy by 2022 and sets energy targets for 2050. In terms of progress, Germany's energy shift is progressing in an orderly fashion, and the main challenges lie in potential conflicts between different targets and problems caused by premature denuclearization. The purpose of the German energy shift is not only to ensure the safety and sustainability of energy supply, but also to lead a new round of competition dominated by energy efficiency and renewable energy development, thus boosting the German economy and ensuring the enhancement of Germany's core competitiveness. This paper plans to use this report as a sample to briefly comment on the stage achievements of the development of German energy transformation policy, and draw inspiration and reference for China's energy transformation.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F416.2
本文编号：2325700
[Abstract]:Germany's energy policy is formulated according to its own characteristics of energy utilization and the supply of international energy market. The German energy policy has undergone profound changes from 2010 to 2011, and the federal government has made a major decision to withdraw from nuclear energy and carry out "energy conversion". Further promoting the use of renewable energy and technology research has become one of the priorities of German energy policy. This paper analyzes the current situation, implementation and existing problems of the energy conversion policy made by the German government in June 2011 to the end of 2012. At the same time, the content and influence of Germany's renewable energy policy are combed out in detail. The effects of these measures and their possible impact on the future development of renewable energy in Germany were analysed. In December 2014, the first Progress report on Energy conversion and two action plans, < 2020 Action Plan for Climate Protection, were published. With the National Energy efficiency Action Plan 2014. Germany's energy shift is aimed at shifting the traditional fossil and nuclear energy supply system to one based on renewable energy. The latest version of the shift is reflected in the German government's energy diversion plan, which followed the 2011 Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan. The plan establishes that Germany will completely phase out nuclear energy by 2022 and sets energy targets for 2050. In terms of progress, Germany's energy shift is progressing in an orderly fashion, and the main challenges lie in potential conflicts between different targets and problems caused by premature denuclearization. The purpose of the German energy shift is not only to ensure the safety and sustainability of energy supply, but also to lead a new round of competition dominated by energy efficiency and renewable energy development, thus boosting the German economy and ensuring the enhancement of Germany's core competitiveness. This paper plans to use this report as a sample to briefly comment on the stage achievements of the development of German energy transformation policy, and draw inspiration and reference for China's energy transformation.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F416.2
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