悖论视角下后发企业吸收能力及其对资源依赖关系影响过程的研究

发布时间：2018-11-23 07:24

【摘要】：后发企业具有先天的“后发劣势”,先天的技术能力薄弱、资源匮乏,对内部的研发投入很有局限性。当市场需求及时增加时,则无法独立地应对。后发企业通过与外部建立资源依赖关系来满足市场的及时需求,在此过程中,后发企业一方面要学习领先技术知识,以弥补先天的不足;另一方面,它又不能放弃对创新的投入。从而,后发企业往往陷入学习与创新之间的冲突困境。然而,后发企业对外部资源持续地利用,会受到依赖关系强化的威胁。加之,组织内部的冲突是固有的、持续存在的,后发企业将如何通过学习与创新的冲突平衡,以缓冲资源依赖关系的强化。截至目前,研究者们未对此作充分地关注与研究。因而,本文基于悖论视角,选取一家典型的后发企业(东汽)作为研究对象,采用事件路径分析法,并结合文献理论界定核心概念,对东汽48年来纵向过程的全部事件进行分类、提炼,探究出后发企业在学习与创新冲突的平衡过程中事件的变化趋势。运用过程分析探讨各阶段特征,最后命题讨论得到以下结论:后发企业处于技术能力不足及市场激烈竞争的困境下,(1)悖论视角下的后发企业吸收能力承载创新与学习间的冲突结构的能力,这种能力影响着外部资源依赖关系的调整。(2)外部资源依赖关系的建立是后发企业对外部知识有效利用的前提条件,但存在依赖关系的强化。具体的,后发企业会主动地接触技术领先企业,在合作交流过程中搭建起资源依赖关系,这成为后发企业有效利用外部知识的前提条件。但是,后发企业持续地利用外部资源,会逐渐加大对外部资源的依赖。(3)在消化、吸收外部知识的过程中,后发企业势必会对依赖关系的强化做出反应。从整体上,后发企业运用吸收能力平衡学习与创新间的冲突结构,进而缓冲资源依赖的强化。(4)后发企业学习与创新间冲突的平衡是一个动态调整过程,进而对资源依赖关系的缓冲是动态调整。具体地,自主学习、合作创新协调合作学习与自主创新之间的冲突,合作学习与自主创新之间冲突的平衡调整,促使组织内部对技术知识的沉淀,激发能动的自主创新,进而影响资源依赖关系紧密程度的调整。最后,本文提出了对后发企业吸收能力和悖论的理论贡献、实践启示及研究不足与展望。本研究的理论意义在于,本文将资源依赖理论创新型地引入到后发企业吸收能力的研究中。同时,基于悖论视角,解释后发企业如何缓冲外部资源依赖关系强化的风险,并得出相应的命题与结论,从而揭示出后发企业与领先企业不一样的吸收能力路径,为现实中的后发企业的实践提供了借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Latecomer enterprises have inherent disadvantage, weak technical ability, scarce resources, and limited investment in internal R & D. When the market demand increases in time, then cannot independently deal with. Latecomer enterprises meet the market's timely demand by establishing a resource dependence relationship with the outside. In this process, the latecomer enterprises should learn the leading technical knowledge to make up for the congenital deficiency. On the other hand, it can not give up on innovation investment. As a result, latecomers often fall into the dilemma of conflict between learning and innovation. However, the continuous utilization of external resources by latecomers will be threatened by the reinforcement of dependency relationships. In addition, the conflict within the organization is inherent and persistent. How to balance the conflict between learning and innovation to buffer the reinforcement of resource dependence. So far, researchers have not paid enough attention to this issue. Therefore, based on the paradox perspective, this paper selects a typical latecomer enterprise (Dongqi) as the research object, adopts the event path analysis method, and defines the core concept combining with the literature theory. This paper classifies and refines all the events in the longitudinal process of Dongqi in the past 48 years, and explores the changing trend of the events in the process of balancing the conflict between learning and innovation. By using process analysis to discuss the characteristics of each stage, the following conclusions can be drawn from the final propositional discussion: the latecomer enterprise is in the predicament of insufficient technical capability and fierce market competition. (1) the absorptive capacity of the latecomer firms from the paradox perspective is capable of carrying the conflicting structure between innovation and learning. This ability affects the adjustment of external resource dependence. (2) the establishment of external resource dependence is a prerequisite for the effective use of external knowledge in a latecomer, but there exists a strengthening of the dependency relationship. Specifically, latecomer enterprises will actively contact the leading technology enterprises and build up a resource dependence relationship in the process of cooperation and exchange, which becomes the precondition for the latecomer enterprises to utilize external knowledge effectively. However, in the process of digesting and absorbing the external knowledge, the latecomer will react to the strengthening of the dependence relationship by using the external resources continuously. (3) in the process of digesting and absorbing the external knowledge, the latecomer enterprise will gradually increase its dependence on the external resources. On the whole, the conflict structure between learning and innovation is balanced by absorptive capacity, and then the reinforcement of resource dependence is cushioned. (4) the balance of conflict between learning and innovation is a dynamic adjustment process. Furthermore, the buffer of resource dependence is dynamically adjusted. Specifically, the conflict between cooperative learning and independent innovation is coordinated, and the balance between cooperative learning and independent innovation is adjusted to promote the precipitation of technological knowledge within the organization and stimulate dynamic independent innovation. Furthermore, it affects the adjustment of the tightness of resource dependence. Finally, this paper puts forward the theoretical contribution, practical enlightenment, research deficiency and prospect to the absorptive capacity and paradox of the latecomer enterprises. The theoretical significance of this study lies in the innovative introduction of resource dependence theory into the study of absorptive capacity of latecomers. At the same time, based on the paradox perspective, this paper explains how to buffer the risk of external resource dependence strengthening, and draws the corresponding proposition and conclusion, thus revealing the different absorptive ability path between the latter and the leading enterprises. It provides a reference for the practice of the latecomer enterprises in reality.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.4

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