儒家伦理与市场理性耦合的家族经营——基于李锦记集团的经验分析

发布时间：2018-12-23 12:46

【摘要】：在中国泛家族主义影响下,李锦记集团形成了独具中国特色的家族企业治理模式,既实现了经典公司治理理论的两权分离,也没有将控制权完全让渡给职业经理人,但有效避免了股权分散、内部人控制、代理成本较高和难以规避外部风险等现代公司的治理弊病。这种成功得益于李锦记将儒家伦理与现代市场经济的组织理性结合起来,以家族主义信任和家族价值观作为非正式制度,加强家族企业的文化凝聚力;同时以经济理性和契约精神等西方先进经营理念进行正式制度建构,减少儒家伦理的亲缘主义对企业经营的不当干预。在"思利及人"的儒家价值观驱动下,李锦记发展出一种去中心性的"自动波"领导模式,是本土企业探索"无为而治"的一种积极尝试。李锦记的经营经验表明,泛家族主义与"思利及人"的儒家伦理在节制资本的逐利本性与侵害行为,增加企业社会责任和社会福利等方面具有积极意义。现代公司治理与经营并非只有美国模式可以依循,融通中国家族主义与西方经理主义,寻找儒家伦理节制资本缺陷的制度途径,则可能发展出一条具有中国本土特色和民族智慧的家族企业治理模式。
[Abstract]:Under the influence of pan-familism in China, Li Jinji Group formed a unique family business governance model with Chinese characteristics, which not only realized the separation of the two rights of the classical corporate governance theory, but also did not completely transfer the control rights to the professional managers. But it effectively avoids the problems of modern company, such as decentralization, internal control, high agency cost and difficulty to avoid external risks. This success is due to Li Jinji's combination of Confucian ethics and organizational rationality of modern market economy and the informal institution of familial trust and family values to strengthen the cultural cohesion of family enterprises. At the same time, the formal system construction is carried out with the western advanced management ideas such as economic rationality and contract spirit, so as to reduce the improper interference of the kinship of Confucian ethics to the enterprise management. Driven by the Confucian values of "Sili and Man", Li Kin-kee developed a decentralized "automatic wave" leadership model, which is an active attempt for local enterprises to explore "rule by doing nothing". Li Jinji's business experience shows that the Confucian ethics of pan-familism and "thinking of profit and man" has positive significance in controlling the nature and infringing behavior of capital, increasing corporate social responsibility and social welfare, and so on. Modern corporate governance and management is not the only American model that can be followed, combining Chinese familial and western managementism, seeking the institutional approach of Confucian ethics to control capital defects. It is possible to develop a family business governance model with Chinese local characteristics and national wisdom.
【作者单位】：东北财经大学;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金后期项目“管理范式的后现代审视与本土化研究”(14FGL002) 辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目“中国本土组织管理移植的内生机理与经验研究”(W2014208);负责人胡国栋
【分类号】：F426.82

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