供给侧改革背景下建筑业转型升级研究

发布时间：2018-12-27 17:44

【摘要】：当前,我国经济社会发展已进入新常态阶段,转型升级的要求更为紧迫。虽然建筑业仍是国民经济支柱产业,但其面临的一些问题,如监管体制不健全、运行机制不顺畅、资源配置效率不高等却严重制约着行业的可持续发展。加快建筑业转型升级,需要坚持科学的新理念,全面分析行业转型的关键环节与重点领域,做到转型有路径、升级有保障。论文以建筑业转型升级为研究主线,综合运用定性定量方法,从模型构建、发展理念、转型路径、制度体系以及评价指数等方面展开系统的研究。首先,通过梳理建筑业“政府—市场—第三方”、“经济—社会—环境”效益、“技术—资金—劳动力”等方面的发展现状,明确了政府、市场、第三方协同机制不完善是导致建筑业发展绩效较低的根源,为后续研究奠定了基础。其次,通过构建建筑业转型发展模型,梳理了行业转型面临的机遇与挑战,明确了行业转型升级后的十大特征;从价值转移规律视角入手,提出了宏观经济特征和市场供需变化是理解建筑业价值转移关键的判断,明确了新常态阶段建筑业价值聚焦点的转移方向;进而,确定了建筑业转型所需的“创新、协调、绿色、平安、共享”等五大新理念。第三,明确了建筑业关键转型路径及构建了转型“目标—动力—制度”体系模型。通过对文献和政府相关政策的研究综述,给出了政府、行业监管、企业转型、项目实施四个层面的转型路径;构建了微笑曲线模型,提出了行业微笑曲线提升应坚持发挥政府公共服务作用,改善企业管理、向上下游延伸,加强产业链融合的具体路径;结合前述研究,筛选出建筑业转型的四大关键路径,即装配式建筑全面推进、以“互联网+BIM”为主要模式的信息化应用、建筑市场环境优化和人员素质提升;构建了建筑业转型“目标—动力—制度”体系,明确了打造转型升级版建筑业的总目标和7项分目标,梳理了简政放权、“十三五”规划、新型城镇化等6个转型动力,构建了行业、企业、项目、保障措施等4方面的制度体系。最后,构建建筑业转型指数(TICI)评价体系。明确了TICI在转型理论深入、行业规划参考和转型成效评价上的意义;利用头脑风暴、德尔菲等方法,构建了由产业结构、项目实施模式、质量安全、企业管治、人才队伍、装配式建筑、行业形象等7个一级指标及22个二级指标和75个三级指标构成的TICI指标体系,明确了权重的确定方法与问卷设计,并提出了TICI实证分析步骤。研究表明,建筑业的升级应在行业层面实现发展模式的转型、企业层面进行管理方式的创新、项目层面实现组织实施体系的变革。
[Abstract]:At present, China's economic and social development has entered a new normal stage, the need for transformation and upgrading is more urgent. Although the construction industry is still the pillar industry of the national economy, some problems it faces, such as the imperfect supervision system, the unsmooth operation mechanism and the low efficiency of resource allocation, have seriously restricted the sustainable development of the industry. To speed up the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry, we need to adhere to a new scientific concept, comprehensively analyze the key links and key areas of the transformation of the industry, and make sure that the transformation has a path and an upgrade has a guarantee. This paper takes the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry as the main research thread, synthetically uses the qualitative and quantitative method, from the model construction, the development idea, the transition path, the system and the appraisal index and so on the systematic research. First of all, by combing the development situation of the construction industry in the aspects of "government, market, third party", "economy, society and environment", "technology, capital and labor force" and so on, the government and the market are clarified. The imperfect third-party coordination mechanism is the root cause of the low performance of the construction industry, which lays the foundation for further research. Secondly, through the construction of the construction industry transformation development model, combing the opportunities and challenges facing the industry transformation, clear the ten characteristics after the industry transformation and upgrading; From the perspective of the law of value transfer, this paper points out that the macro-economic characteristics and the changes of market supply and demand are the key judgment to understand the value transfer of construction industry, and defines the transfer direction of the focus of value of construction industry in the new normal stage. Furthermore, five new concepts of innovation, coordination, green, safety and sharing are defined for the transformation of construction industry. Thirdly, it clarifies the key transition path of construction industry and constructs the system model of target-power-system. Through the literature and the government related policy research summary, has given the government, the industry supervision, the enterprise transformation, the project implementation four stratification transformation path; The model of smile curve is constructed, and the specific path to enhance the integration of industry chain is put forward, which should give full play to the role of government public service, improve the management of enterprises, extend to the upstream and downstream, and strengthen the integration of industry chain. Combined with the above research, four key paths for the transformation of the construction industry are selected, that is, the comprehensive promotion of the prefabricated architecture, the information application of "Internet BIM" as the main mode, the optimization of the construction market environment and the improvement of the quality of the personnel. This paper constructs the "goal-motive force system" system for the transformation of the construction industry, clarifies the overall objectives and 7 sub-objectives of building the construction industry in the transformation and upgrading version, and combs six transformational motive forces, such as the simplification of government power, the 13th Five-Year Plan, the new type of urbanization, and so on. Construction of the industry, enterprises, projects, safeguards and other four aspects of the system. Finally, the construction industry transformation index (TICI) evaluation system. The significance of TICI in the deepening of transition theory, the reference of industry planning and the evaluation of transition effect are clarified. Using the methods of brainstorming, Delphi and so on, we have constructed a system of industrial structure, project implementation model, quality and safety, corporate governance, talent team, prefabricated building, etc. The TICI index system is composed of 7 first-class indexes, 22 second-class indexes and 75 third-level indexes. The method of determining weights and the design of questionnaire are clarified, and the steps of TICI empirical analysis are put forward. The research shows that the upgrading of the construction industry should realize the transformation of the development mode at the industry level, the innovation of the management mode at the enterprise level, and the reform of the organizational implementation system at the project level.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.92

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