黑龙江省小额贷款公司发展问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 03:27

本文关键词：黑龙江省小额贷款公司发展问题研究　出处：《东北农业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为进一步落实2004-2006年三个中央一号文件的精神，更好的促进农村金融的发展以此带动农村经济发展，并实现民间金融的规范化发展，人民银行、银监会会同有关部门，从2005年底到2006年10月开启了“商业性小额贷款公司试点”工作。黑龙江省小额贷款公司自试点以来，在中国人民银行以及省政府金融办的正确领导以及相关部门的有效监管下，小额贷款公司队伍不断的发展壮大，资金实力不断增强，公司数量、从业人员数不断增加、贷款余额和利润有了很大程度的提高。一方面，小额贷款公司不仅为广大中小民营企业、个体工商户、农户以及自然人等提供了大量的资金供给，在一定程度上缓解了其融资难的问题，另一方面还对规范民间金融市场、完善金融体系和促进当地经济发展起到了示范作用。但黑龙江省小额贷款公司在发展过程中也遇到了许多问题，面临着许多挑战。因此，在发展过程中不断总结问题，探讨解决对策,对于促进黑龙江省小额贷款公司不断发展有重要现实意义。文章首先通过对国内外小额贷款相关文献进行梳理，对小额贷款公司的概念进行明确，对其特征进行总结。研究了与小额贷款公司发展联系紧密的理论，这其中主要包括信用配给理论、信息不对称理论及交易成本理论。这一部分进一步加强了对小额贷款公司理论的研究，为之后的实证部分做理论基础铺垫，也为小额贷款公司的发展做一些理论上的补充。其次，文章从黑龙江省小额贷款公司的机构设立情况、贷款情况及资产情况进行发展情况进行了调查，并对其特征进行了总结。黑龙江省小额贷款公司在发展过程中仍存在一些问题，主要是制度性方面、内部方面以及外部方面。在制度性方面，小额贷款公司的法律地位还有待进一步明确，融资渠道需进一步拓宽；内部问题方面，小额贷款公司的股权结构尚不合理，盈利能力较低，风险管理机制需要进一步完善；外部问题方面主要是缺少相关政策的扶持和监管主体的缺失。再次，，文章使用层次分析法深层剖析了影响黑龙江省小额贷款公司发展的因素，并利用数学模型进行实证分析。将理论知识运用于实际研究，对影响小额贷款公司发展的众多因素进行量化分析，利用排名确定其影响程度和重要性。为下一步改革对策的提出指明了方向。文章最后一部分针对之前问题的分析结合实证研究的结果，为黑龙江省小额贷款公司的发展提出一些建议。政府加快相关法律法规的颁布和实行，给予小额贷款公司发展以制度性保障；利用政府建立融资中心，公司加强与银行合作等手段解决其融资问题；加强产品创新，培养专业人才以提供小额贷款公司的盈利能力；政府要切实履行责任，提供政策支持并加强监管。作者希望文章的研究和建议的提出能够为黑龙江省小额贷款公司的管理者和监管部门决策提供参考。
[Abstract]:In order to further implement the spirit of the first Central Committee document 2004-2006, better promote the development of rural finance to promote rural economic development, and achieve the standardized development of non-governmental finance, the people's Bank of China. From end of 2005 to October 2006, the CBRC, in conjunction with the relevant departments, began the work of "pilot projects for commercial microfinance companies". Under the correct leadership of the people's Bank of China and the financial office of the provincial government and the effective supervision of the relevant departments, the team of microfinance companies has continued to grow, capital strength has been increasing, and the number of companies. The number of employees continues to increase, loan balances and profits have been greatly improved. On the one hand, microfinance companies are not only small and medium-sized private enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households. Farmers and natural persons have provided a large amount of capital supply, to a certain extent to alleviate their financing difficulties, on the other hand, to regulate the private financial market. Improving the financial system and promoting the local economic development has played an exemplary role. However, the small loan company of Heilongjiang Province has also encountered many problems and faced many challenges in the process of development. In the process of development, it is of great practical significance to continuously summarize the problems and explore the countermeasures to promote the continuous development of small loan companies in Heilongjiang Province. First of all, through the domestic and foreign microfinance related literature combing, the concept of microfinance companies are clear, its characteristics are summarized, and research on the development of microfinance companies closely linked to the theory. This part mainly includes credit rationing theory, information asymmetry theory and transaction cost theory. Also for the development of microfinance companies to do some theoretical supplement. Secondly, the article from the establishment of small loan companies in Heilongjiang Province, loans and assets to investigate the development of the situation. In the process of development, there are still some problems, mainly institutional, internal and external. The legal status of microfinance companies needs to be further clarified, financing channels need to be further broadened; In terms of internal problems, the ownership structure of microfinance companies is not reasonable, the profitability is low, the risk management mechanism needs to be further improved; External problems are mainly lack of support of relevant policies and lack of regulatory bodies. Thirdly, the paper deeply analyzes the factors that affect the development of small loan companies in Heilongjiang Province using AHP. And the use of mathematical models for empirical analysis. Apply theoretical knowledge to practical research, quantitative analysis of many factors affecting the development of microfinance companies. Using ranking to determine its impact and importance. For the next step of the proposed reform strategy pointed out the direction. The last part of the article to analyze the previous problems combined with the results of empirical research. The government should speed up the promulgation and implementation of relevant laws and regulations, and give the development of microfinance companies institutional protection; Use the government to set up financing center, the company strengthens the cooperation with the bank and so on means solves its financing problem; Strengthen product innovation, train professionals to provide the profitability of microfinance companies; The government should fulfill its responsibility, provide policy support and strengthen supervision. The author hopes that the research and suggestion of this paper can provide a reference for the decision of the management and supervision department of the small loan company in Heilongjiang Province.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.39

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