港口FDI的区位分异对市场结构的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 16:31

本文关键词：港口FDI的区位分异对市场结构的影响研究　出处：《武汉理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国作为世界上最大的发展中国家和最大的外资流入国,外商直接投资(Foreign Direct Investment, FDI)企业已成为中国经济发展的重要成分。为优化外商投资结构,中国1995年首次颁布《外商投资产业指导目录》并先后5次修订逐步放宽了外资的准入限制,吸引外资进入。与发达国家相比,中国港口市场潜力巨大；国内政治、经济、社会环境稳定,特别是2004年,中国开放外资投资港口的股权限制后,港口业日渐开放,已成为吸引外商投资的重点行业之一,港口业吸引外资呈现出强劲的增长势头。截止2011年底,我国港口吸引外资已经超60亿美元。随着我国港口业的开放和FDI的大量涌入,港口业的市场结构正在发生着显著的变化。因此,研究FDI的流入对港口行业市场结构的影响显得尤为重要。本文从直接投资理论、区位理论和产业组织理论出发,对中国港口外商直接投资的区位分异特征和和市场结构的特征进行了分析。本文采用泰尔指数法对我国港口FDI的区位分异特征进行了数据计算。从区位分异的特征看,我国港口的FDI地理分布都集中于沿海主要港口,且尤以华东及华南地区为主要集聚地,约80%～90%的外资投资额分布于上述两区域；在投资来源地方面：珠江三角洲以港资为主的亚洲资本领先,环渤海港口群以AP穆勒-马士基领头的欧洲资本为主；在外资进入模式方面：东南沿海地区内外资均衡模式和内河地区外资控股模式倾向十分明显,环渤海地区、长三角地区具有外资参股式倾向,而珠三角地区具有外资控股式倾向。从市场结构看,我国港口市场是寡头垄断型；港口市场集中度呈逐年下降趋势且具有较高的规模经济壁垒。文章进一步分析了我国五大港口群的FDI区位分异的特征和市场结构,采用典型相关模型,运用spss19.0软件研究了我国五大港口群的FDI区位分异与其市场结构关系,得出我国五大港口群内FDI的区位分异对市场结构的影响程度的数据运行结果。最后,针对不同的港口群内FDI的区位分异对市场结构的影响程度,结合港口群的区位分异特征及市场结构特征,提出五大港口群的港口政策使港口市场的市场竞争更为充分,使得市场的发展更加健康、有序。
[Abstract]:Chinese as the world's largest developing country and the largest inflow of foreign capital, foreign direct investment (Foreign Direct, Investment, FDI) enterprises have become an important component of economic development. Chinese to optimize the structure of foreign investment, Chinese 1995 issued the first "Industrial Catalog for foreign investment" and has 5 amendment gradually relaxed the access of foreign investment restrictions to attract foreign investment. Compared with the developed countries, Chinese port market potential; domestic political, economic, social and environmental stability, especially in 2004, making China shares authority port opening to foreign investment, the increasingly open port industry, has become one of the key industries to attract foreign investment, showing a strong momentum of growth of port industry to attract foreign investment at the end of 2011, China's port has been attracting foreign investment of over $6 billion. With the influx of FDI open and China port industry, port industry market There are significant changes in the structure. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the impact of the inflow of FDI on the market structure of the port industry.
In this paper, starting from direct investment theory, location theory and industrial organization theory, characteristics and differentiation characteristics of the market structure on the China port of foreign direct investment location are analyzed. This paper uses Theil index location method for China's port FDI differentiation characteristics were calculated. The characteristics of data from location difference, FDI the geographical distribution of ports in China are mainly concentrated in the coastal ports, especially in East China and Southern China region as the main gathering place, about 80% to 90% of the amount of foreign investment located in these two areas; in the source of investment: the Asian capital leading the Pearl River Delta to Hong Kong owned the ring to AP Muller - Maersk Group the leading European capital of Bohai port; in terms of foreign entry mode: the tendency of domestic and foreign foreign holding mode of equilibrium models and inland areas along the southeast coast area is very obvious, the Bohai Sea region, the Yangtze River Delta region With foreign equity type tendency, and the Pearl River Delta region has a foreign holding type tendency. From the market structure, China's port market is oligopolistic market concentration; port barriers scale economy declining trend and high. The article further analysis of China's five ports group FDI location differentiation characteristics and the market structure, using canonical correlation model, of China's five major ports of the FDI location differentiation and its market structure by using spss19.0 software, that China's five major ports in the location of FDI differentiation on the market structure, the influence degree of the data results. Finally, according to the different port groups in the location of FDI the differentiation degree of influence on the market structure, combined with the port group location differentiation characteristics and market structure, put forward five major ports port policy make port market competition more fully, making the market The development is healthier and more orderly.

【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F552;F832.6

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