我国碳交易市场发展研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 01:08

本文关键词：我国碳交易市场发展研究　出处：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，在各国经济飞速发展的时代，气候问题成为当今时代急需解决的重要问题之一。当前全球平均气温整体升高，海平面上升，全球气候变暖给人类的生活和生产带来了极大的堪忧。国际能源署（IEA）曾经声明，各国温室气体的排放量在2030年前都将会是不断增长的局面，要扭转全球变暖的局面，各国必须制定出在发展经济的同时严格控制温室气体的排放量，使温室气体的排放量呈现减速增长的局面。气候变化给人类生活带来了很多不便，然而人类活动是造成温室气体排放量增加的最主要的原因。在国际碳交易市场发展蒸蒸日上的同时，我国借鉴发达国家的在发展碳交易市场的经验，分析目前我国碳交易市场发展的现状及其理论基础，并分析了我国碳交易市场发展中的优势和不足，最后通过国际碳交易市场发展的启示，，提出了我国碳交易市场发展的相关建议。文章分为五大部分：第一部分是导论，主要介绍本文的选题背景及选题意义，在全球气候变暖的生存环境下，倡导低碳、节能减排的生活方式。同时分析了在碳排放权、碳交易问题上，国内外的研究现状，同时阐明了本文的具体研究思路，是通过对碳交易市场发展的相关理论的概述，对比国际碳交易市场的发展，弥补我国碳交易市场发展的不足。第二部分主要是概括我国碳交易市场发展的理论基础，碳交易就是利用市场机制，以促进全球温室气体减排，减少全球二氧化碳的排放量。在碳交易市场上主要进行碳排放权的交易，其交易的原理是政府机构评估出一定范围内的污染物最大排放量所达到的环境容量，并均分污染物的排放量，每一单位即为一股。在一级市场上，政府采用招标等形式，将排污权有偿出售给购买者，排污者购买到排污权之后，在二级市场上出售排污权。另外阐述了我国碳交易市场建立的相关条件以及我国碳排放量是如何检测的，同时对我国碳交易市场发展的可行性和必要性进行了分析。第三部分也是本文比较重要的一部分内容之一，主要对我国发展碳交易市场进行SWOT分析，分析了我国碳交易市场发展的优势在于我国的碳资源丰富，在CDM市场上我国的碳交易市场前景较为广阔，将会有大量的项目能够被开发为CDM项目，巨大的减排成本和高收入的潜在影响，会促使更多发达国家积极与我国寻找合作项目；然而我国碳交易市场发展中仍然存在着许多不足，首先是我国的CDM市场本身存在问题，其减排技术薄弱，其次是我国碳交易机制不完善，第三是碳排放约束机制不成形，最后是碳金融法律保障机制不完善。综合我国碳交易市场发展的优势与不足，我国碳交易市场的发展前景是机会与挑战并存，积极把握碳交易市场发展中存在的机遇，正确面对发展中的挑战。第四部分是介绍国外碳交易市场的发展状况，同时给我国碳交易发展的启示。首先是对欧盟、美国和印度三个国家碳交易市场的发展做出相应的概述，其次根据国外在发展碳交易市场中的经验，我国在发展碳交易市场时，要完善碳交易市场的制度建设，加强对CDM项目的开发和研究，调节金融机构参与碳交易的主动性，统一国内碳排放标准。第五部分是介绍加强我国碳交易市场发展的对策研究。首先是要遵循适合我国国情的碳金融发展原则，其次是要鼓励市场主体积极参与到碳交易市场中来，第三国家要营造统一的碳交易平台，成立一到两家国家级碳交易所，最后是鼓励金融机构创新碳金融产品，以实现减排目标。最后通过对我国碳交易市场的发展现状，发展中存在的优势与不足等，结合我国现阶段的基本国情，鼓励全体民众积极参与参与到节能减排的环境中去，大力发展我国碳交易市场，保护我们公共的、赖以生存的美好家园。
[Abstract]:In recent years , in the era of rapid economic development , climate has become one of the most important problems to be solved in the present era . The global average temperature has risen , sea level has risen , and global warming has brought great concern to human life and production . To reverse the global warming situation , countries must formulate a situation in which greenhouse gases are to be strictly controlled by 2030 . Climate change poses a lot of inconvenience to human life . However , human activity is the main cause of the increase in greenhouse gas emissions . At the same time , in the development of the international carbon trading market , our country draws on the experience of developed countries in developing the carbon trading market , analyzes the present situation of China ' s carbon trading market development and its theoretical basis , and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of China ' s carbon trading market development . Finally , it puts forward some suggestions on the development of China ' s carbon trading market through the inspiration of international carbon trading market development . The article is divided into five parts : The first part is the introduction , mainly introduces the background of the topic and the significance of choosing the topic . In the living environment of global warming , the present situation of low - carbon , energy - saving and emission - reduction is advocated . At the same time , the research situation of low - carbon , energy - saving and emission - reduction is advocated . At the same time , the article also expounds the research thinking of the thesis , and points out the development of the international carbon trading market through the overview of the relevant theories of the development of carbon trading market , and makes up for the shortage of China ' s carbon trading market . The second part mainly summarizes the theoretical basis of the development of China ' s carbon trading market . The carbon trading is to use the market mechanism to promote the global greenhouse gas emission reduction and reduce the emission of global carbon dioxide . The third part is also one of the most important part of this paper , mainly analyzes the SWOT analysis of China ' s carbon trading market , analyzes the potential impact of China ' s carbon trading market , which can be developed into CDM project , huge emission reduction cost and potential impact of high income , which will impel more developed countries to actively cooperate with our country for cooperation projects ; however , China ' s carbon trading market has many advantages and disadvantages . The fourth part is to introduce the development of the foreign carbon trading market and the enlightenment to the development of China ' s carbon trading . First , according to the foreign experience in the development of the carbon trading market , we should perfect the system construction of the carbon trading market , strengthen the development and research of the CDM project , adjust the initiative of the financial institutions to participate in the carbon trading , and harmonize the domestic carbon emission standards . The fifth part is to introduce the countermeasure research on strengthening the development of China ' s carbon trading market . First , we should adhere to the principle of carbon finance development suitable for our country ' s national conditions . Secondly , we should encourage the market subject to participate actively in the carbon trading market , and the third country should create a unified carbon trading platform , set up one to two national carbon exchanges , and finally , encourage the financial institutions to innovate the carbon financial products to achieve the goal of emission reduction . Finally , through the development of China ' s carbon trading market , the advantages and disadvantages existing in the development , combining with the basic national conditions of our country , encouraging all the people to participate actively in the environment of energy saving and emission reduction , vigorously develop our carbon trading market , protect our public and rely on the better home .

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.5

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