中国农村信用社支农效率及其区域差异研究

发布时间：2018-02-01 03:41

本文关键词： 农村信用社支农效率影响因素区域差异　出处：《西北大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“三农”问题是影响中国改革、发展和稳定的重大问题,而金融支农对于破解“三农”问题至关重要,农村信用社作为我国金融支农的基本力量,其有效支农对于“三农”问题的解决具有重要意义。由于我国农村经济表现出较强的地域性,不同地区农村信用社支农的重点也不尽相同,因此有必要对我国农村信用社支农效率及其区域差异进行研究。本文研究内容包括：(1)农村信用社支农效率的理论分析。界定农村信用社支农效率的内涵,分析农村信用社支农的作用机制,探讨金融生态视角下农村信用社的支农效率和区域差异背景下农村信用社的支农模式。(2)中国农村信用社支农的历史沿革、发展现状及制约因素分析。回顾农村信用社发展的历史,分析支农现状,探讨支农效率的内外部制约因素。(3)中国农村信用社支农效率及影响因素的实证研究。构建支农效率的评价指标体系,采用非期望产出DEA模型和修正的三阶段DEA模型,对中国省际农村信用社支农内部配置效率和外部功能效率及其内外部影响因素进行实证研究。(4)中国农村信用社支农效率的区域差异研究。对我国省际农村信用社支农效率进行空间维度和时间维度的分析,通过聚类分析和收敛性检验,考察不同区域农村信用社支农效率的结构性特征及收敛性变化趋势。(5)中国农村信用社支农效率的改进路径及相关政策建议。从农村信用社内部视角和外部金融生态视角归纳支农效率的改进路径,并提出不同区域农村信用社支农效率提升的政策建议。本文研究结论主要有：(1)研究农村信用社支农效率一方面需要关注支农信贷的数量,另一方面必须高度重视支农信贷的实际支农效果,本文从农村信用社支农内部效率和支农外部效率两方面来考察支农效率。支农内部效率考察的是支农信贷发放的数量问题,即支农信贷发放的数额和覆盖面；支农外部效率考察的是支农信贷发放的质量问题,即支农信贷实际发挥的支农作用。(2)我国农村信用社支农效率呈现出局部有亮点,整体不乐观。现阶段农村信用社提供的金融服务还远远不能满足“三农”发展的需要,有近1/3省份的农村信用社支农内部效率和支农外部效率均较低,有超过2/5省份的农村信用社支农内部效率或支农外部效率有待提高,仅有超过1/4省份的农村信用社支农内部效率和支农外部效率均较为理想。(3)我国农村信用社支农效率的提升受到农村信用社内部因素和外部金融生态环境因素的制约。提高农村信用社支农效率应统筹内外,多措并举。从农村信用社内部视角来看,应坚持服务“三农”方向、完善法人治理结构、扩大资产规模、创新金融服务产品；从外部金融生态视角来看,应优化政策环境、提高固定资产投资、引导农村人力资本投资、改善农村文化环境、完善合作金融法律体系、推进农村信用体系建设、培育竞争性的农村金融市场、发展农业保险。(4)不同区域农村信用社支农效率之间差距较大,但存在着一定程度的收敛趋势。不同区域农村信用社应实施不同的支农模式以适应当地农村经济发展的需要,并建立区域间的支农帮扶联动机制共同促进支农效率的提高。本文的创新之处主要有：(1)将农村信用社支农效率分解为支农内部效率和支农外部效率,从农村信用社内部发放支农信贷的数额、覆盖面和外部支农信贷的实际支农效果两个方面进行研究,从而更为清晰地反映农村信用社的支农效率,有利于促使农村信用社从粗放型支农向集约型支农的转变。(2)本文采用非期望产出DEA模型测算考虑非期望产出不良贷款的农村信用社支农内部效率,采用修正的三阶段DEA模型测算剔除环境因素影响后的农村信用社支农外部效率。鉴于农村信用社由于历史包袱等原因不良贷款率高,非期望产出DEA模型能够测算考虑非期望产出不良贷款的农村信用社支农内部效率,促进农村信用社的健康可持续发展；鉴于农村信用社支农外部效率受金融生态环境影响较大,修正的三阶段DEA模型能够剔除外部环境因素和随机误差对农村信用社支农外部效率的影响,更加真实地反映农村信用社的支农外部效率。(3)本文探讨了中国农村信用社支农效率的结构性特征及收敛性变化趋势,拓宽了已有研究的领域和范围。现有研究多是以农村信用社的经营效率、改革效率、成本效率或信贷效率为研究对象,主要集中在部分区域、省市或区县的农村信用社,鲜有对全国省际农村信用社支农效率及区域差异的研究。鉴于农村信用社服务“三农”的职能定位和我国农村经济发展的异质性特点,本文将我国农村信用社支农效率及其区域差异作为研究重点,以期对现有研究做出补充和完善。
[Abstract]:The "three rural" problem is the major problem China reform, development and stability, and financial support to solve the "three rural" vital, rural credit cooperatives as the basic power of China's financial support for agriculture, the agriculture has an important meaning for the "three rural issues". Because of China's rural economy showed strong regional the key for rural credit cooperatives in different regions are not the same, so it is necessary to research the rural credit cooperatives of our country agriculture efficiency and regional differences.
The contents of this paper include: (1) analysis of the efficiency of rural credit agency support theory. The definition of the efficiency of rural credit agency agriculture, agriculture mechanism analysis of rural credit cooperatives, rural credit cooperatives to explore the background of agriculture efficiency and regional difference of rural credit cooperatives under the perspective of financial ecological agriculture mode. (2) the history of Chinese the rural credit cooperatives in agriculture, analysis the present situation and restriction factors. A review of the development of rural credit cooperatives in the history, status quo analysis of agriculture, agriculture efficiency of internal and external constraints. (3) An Empirical Study on the factors and influence of rural credit cooperatives agriculture efficiency China. Construction of agriculture efficiency evaluation index system, using the three stage DEA model output the DEA model and the modified non expected, empirical research on the factors Chinese provincial rural credit cooperatives to support internal and external function efficiency and allocation efficiency of internal and external influence. (4) Chinese Study on the regional differences of the efficiency of rural credit agency support. Analysis of the space and time dimensions on the efficiency of rural credit cooperatives in agriculture provinces in China, through cluster analysis and convergence test, study of efficiency of rural credit cooperatives in agriculture in different regions of the structural characteristics and convergence trend. (5) improved path of agriculture efficiency Chinese rural cooperatives credit and related policy suggestions. Summed up the agriculture efficiency improvement path from rural credit cooperatives from the perspective of internal and external financial ecological perspective, and puts forward policy suggestions to improve the efficiency of rural credit cooperatives in agriculture in different regions.
The main conclusions are as follows: (1) research on the efficiency of rural credit agency for a need to pay attention to the amount of credit support, on the other hand, we must attach great importance to the actual effect of agriculture credit supporting agriculture, this paper examines the efficiency of agriculture from two aspects of rural credit cooperatives internal efficiency and external efficiency of agriculture agriculture. Agriculture is the number of internal efficiency inspection agriculture credit, namely agriculture credit amount and coverage; agriculture external efficiency of agriculture credit quality problems, namely agriculture credit actually plays the role of agriculture. (2) the efficiency of rural credit cooperatives in agriculture of China shows local highlights, the overall is not optimistic. The rural credit cooperatives at present provide financial the service cannot meet the "three rural" development needs, there are nearly 1/3 provinces of rural credit cooperatives to support internal efficiency and external efficiency of agriculture is low, there are more than 2/5 Provincial Rural Credit Cooperatives internal or external efficiency of agriculture agriculture efficiency should be improved, only more than 1/4 provinces rural credit cooperatives support internal efficiency and external efficiency of agriculture are more ideal. (3) the efficiency of rural credit cooperatives to support the upgrading of China's rural credit cooperatives is restricted by internal factors and external factors of the financial ecological environment. To improve social support the efficiency of rural credit should co-ordinate and take measures to rural credit cooperatives. From the internal point of view, should adhere to the "three rural" direction, improve the corporate governance structure, expand the scale of assets, innovative financial services products; from the external financial ecological perspective, we should optimize the policy environment, increase investment in fixed assets, to guide the rural human capital investment, improve rural cultural environment, perfecting the legal system of financial cooperation, promote the construction of rural credit system, cultivating competitive rural financial market, the development of agricultural insurance . (4) the gap between the efficiency of rural credit cooperatives in agriculture in different regions is large, but there is a trend of convergence to a certain extent. Different areas of rural credit cooperatives should implement different agriculture mode to adapt to the needs of the development of the local rural economy, and establish the linkage mechanism of regional agriculture helping to promote agriculture efficiency.
The main innovations of this article are: (1) the efficiency of rural credit agency for agriculture into agriculture internal efficiency and external efficiency of agriculture, from rural credit cooperatives issued agriculture credit amount, carries on two aspects of coverage and external agriculture credit actual agriculture effect, thus more clearly reflect the efficiency of rural credit cooperatives in agriculture to change, to promote rural credit cooperatives in agriculture from extensive to intensive agriculture. (2) the expected output estimates DEA model considering undesirable outputs of non-performing loans of rural credit cooperatives to support internal efficiency, using three stage DEA model to eliminate environmental factors after correction of the rural credit cooperatives to support external efficiency. In view of the rural credit cooperatives and other reasons due to the historical burden of the high rate of non-performing loans, non expected outputs of DEA model can measure considered undesirableoutputs non-performing loans of rural credit cooperatives The internal efficiency of agriculture, promote the sustainable development of rural credit cooperatives in agriculture; rural credit agency external efficiency by the financial ecological environment influence, the three stage of the modified DEA model capable of eliminating the influence of external environment factors and random error on the efficiency of rural credit cooperatives outside agriculture, agriculture more accurately reflect the external efficiency of rural credit cooperatives (. 3) this paper discusses the structural characteristics and the convergence trend of agriculture efficiency of rural credit agency China, broaden the field and scope of existing research. The existing research on rural credit cooperatives operating efficiency, reform efficiency, cost efficiency or credit efficiency as the research object, mainly concentrated in some regions, provinces and cities or counties the rural credit cooperatives, little research on difference of rural credit cooperatives in agriculture efficiency and regional function positioning. In view of the provincial rural credit cooperatives to serve "three agriculture" And the heterogeneity of rural economic development in China, this paper focuses on the efficiency and regional differences of rural credit cooperatives in China, with a view to supplement and improve the existing research.

【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.35

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